LINDY-Elektronik electrical components Germany LINDY-Elektronik model LINDY-Elektronik price

LINDY-Elektronik electrical components are electronic devices made from semiconductor materials (silicon, selenium, germanium, etc.). A diode has two electrodes: the positive electrode, also called the anode, and the negative electrode, also called the cathode. When a forward voltage is applied across the two terminals of the diode, it conducts; when a reverse voltage is applied, it blocks. The conduction and blocking of the diode are equivalent to the closing and opening of a switch. A diode has unidirectional conductivity; when conducting, current flows from the anode through the device to the cathode. The diode is one of the earliest semiconductor devices, and its applications are very widespread. Especially in various electronic circuits, reasonable connections using diodes along with resistors, capacitors, inductors, and other components form circuits with different functions, enabling AC rectification, demodulation of modulated signals, limiting and clamping, and voltage stabilization of power supply voltages.

LINDY-Elektronik electrical component structure

Unidirectional thyristors, commonly known as conventional thyristors, are widely used. They consist of four layers of semiconductor material and have three PN junctions, with three external electrodes: the electrode drawn from the first layer of P-type semiconductor is called the anode A, the electrode drawn from the third layer of P-type semiconductor is called the gate G, and the electrode drawn from the fourth layer of N-type semiconductor is called the cathode K. As seen from the circuit symbol of the thyristor, it is a unidirectional conductive device like a diode, but with an additional gate G, which gives it completely different operating characteristics compared to a diode. The P1N1P2N2 four-layer, three-terminal device, based on silicon monocrystal as the basic material, is internationally referred to as a silicon crystal thyristor, abbreviated as thyristor T, because its characteristics are similar to those of vacuum thyratrons. Since thyristors were initially used in static rectification, they are also called silicon-controlled rectifiers, abbreviated as SCR SCR. In terms of performance, SCRs not only exhibit unidirectional conductivity but also possess more valuable controllability than silicon rectifier components (commonly known as "dead silicon"). They have only two states: conduction and cutoff. SCRs can control high-power electromechanical equipment with milliampere-level currents. If this power is exceeded, due to a significant increase in switching losses, the allowable average current decreases, and the nominal current should be derated. SCRs have many advantages, such as controlling high power with low power, achieving power amplification factors up to hundreds of thousands; extremely fast response, turning on and off within microseconds; contactless operation, no sparks, no noise; high efficiency, low cost, etc. Weaknesses of SCRs include poor static and dynamic overload capability and susceptibility to interference leading to false triggering. SCRs are mainly classified by their physical appearance into bolt-type, flat-plate type, and flat-bottom type. Structure of SCR components. Regardless of the physical appearance of SCRs, their cores consist of four layers of P1N1P2N2 structure made of P-type silicon and N-type silicon. They have three PN junctions (J1, J2, J3), with the anode A drawn from the P1 layer of the J1 structure, the cathode K drawn from the N2 layer, and the gate G drawn from the P12 layer, making them a four-layer, three-terminal semiconductor device.

LINDY-Elektronik electrical component structure

A thermopile is a pyroelectric infrared sensor, a device composed of thermocouples. It is widely used as a temperature detection device in fields such as ear thermometers, radiation thermometers, electric ovens, and food temperature detection. It consists of two or more thermocouples connected in series, where the thermoelectric potentials output by each thermocouple superimpose on each other. Used to measure small temperature differences or average temperatures. Structure of a thermopile: the radiation receiving surface is divided into several sections, each connected to a thermocouple; connecting them in series forms a thermopile. Depending on the application, practical thermopiles can be made into wire-type and thin-film types, as well as multi-channel and array devices.

LINDY-Elektronik electrical component features

A solid-state relay is a contactless electronic switch with isolation functionality. There are no mechanical contact parts during the switching process. Therefore, in addition to having the same functions as electromagnetic relays, solid-state relays offer logic circuit compatibility, resistance to vibration and mechanical shock, unrestricted installation position, good moisture-proof, mold-proof, and corrosion-resistant performance, and excellent performance in explosion-proofing and preventing ozone pollution. They feature low input power, high sensitivity, low control power, good electromagnetic compatibility, low noise, and high operating frequency. Solid-state relays have no internal mechanical parts and adopt a potting fully sealed structure, providing advantages such as vibration resistance, corrosion resistance, long life, and high reliability. AC solid-state relays use zero-crossing triggering technology, resulting in short switching times, making them suitable for higher-frequency applications. Optical isolation is used between the input and output circuits, resulting in very low input power consumption. The output end has protection circuits and strong load capacity.

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