Lutze electrical components German Lutze models Lutze prices

Lutze electrical components are resistive elements with three terminals, whose resistance can be adjusted according to a specific variation law. A potentiometer typically consists of a resistive element and a movable wiper. When the wiper moves along the resistive element, a resistance value or voltage proportional to the displacement is obtained at the output. A potentiometer can be used as either a three-terminal or a two-terminal component. The latter can be regarded as a variable resistor; since its function in a circuit is to obtain an output voltage that has a specific relationship with the input voltage (applied voltage), it is called a potentiometer. A potentiometer is a type of variable resistor. It usually consists of a resistive element and a rotating or sliding system, obtaining partial voltage output by moving a movable contact on the resistive element. The function of a potentiometer is to adjust voltage (including DC voltage and signal voltage) and current magnitude. Structural features of potentiometers: The resistive element of a potentiometer has two fixed terminals. By manually adjusting the shaft or slider, the position of the movable contact on the resistive element is changed, thereby altering the resistance between the movable contact and any fixed terminal, which in turn changes the voltage and current magnitudes. A potentiometer is an adjustable electronic component. It consists of a resistive element and a rotating or sliding system. When a voltage is applied across the two fixed contacts of the resistive element, changing the position of the contact via the rotating or sliding system yields a voltage between the movable contact and the fixed contact that is proportional to the position of the movable contact. It is mostly used as a voltage divider, in which case the potentiometer is a four-terminal component. A potentiometer is essentially a sliding rheostat. There are several styles, generally used for speaker volume control and laser head power adjustment. A potentiometer is an adjustable electronic component. It is a variable resistor used for voltage division. One or two movable metal contacts are pressed tightly against the exposed resistive element. The contact position determines the resistance between either end of the resistive element and the contact. Classified by material: wire-wound, carbon film, and solid-core potentiometers. Classified by the relationship between the output-to-input voltage ratio and the rotation angle: linear potentiometers (linear relationship) and functional potentiometers (curvilinear relationship). Main parameters include resistance, tolerance, and rated power. Widely used in electronic equipment, such as for volume control in audio systems and receivers.

Lutze electrical component parameters

Rated voltage: refers to the safe voltage allowed during normal switch operation. If the voltage applied across the switch exceeds this value, arcing and breakdown may occur between the two contacts. Rated current: refers to the maximum safe current allowed to pass when the switch is closed. If this value is exceeded, the switch contacts may burn out due to excessive current. Insulation resistance: refers to the resistance value between the conductive parts and the insulating parts of the switch. Contact resistance: refers to the resistance value between each pair of contacts when the switch is in the closed state. Dielectric strength: refers to the maximum voltage the switch can withstand between conductors and ground. Service life: refers to the number of operations the switch can perform under normal working conditions.

Lutze electrical component applications

SMD inductors are electromagnetic induction components made by winding insulated wire. They belong to commonly used inductor components. Function of SMD inductors: Passing DC and blocking AC is a simple description; they isolate AC signals, filter, or form resonant circuits with capacitors, resistors, etc. Tuning and frequency selection function of inductors: An inductor coil connected in parallel with a capacitor can form an LC tuning circuit. Any current in the circuit through an SMD inductor generates a magnetic field, and the magnetic flux of this field acts on the circuit. When the current through the SMD inductor changes, the DC voltage potential generated in the SMD inductor opposes the change in current. When the current through the inductor coil increases, the self-induced electromotive force generated by the coil is opposite to the direction of the current, opposing the increase in current, while converting part of the electrical energy into magnetic energy stored in the inductor. When the current through the inductor coil decreases, the self-induced electromotive force is in the same direction as the current, opposing the decrease in current, while releasing stored energy to compensate for the decrease in current. Therefore, after inductive filtering, not only are the ripple of the load current and voltage reduced and the waveform smoothed, but the conduction angle of the rectifier diode also increases. Inductor function 1: Color-ring inductors have a current-blocking effect: The copper core in the color-ring inductor coil always opposes changes in the current within the coil. Color-ring inductors impede AC current used in circuits; the magnitude of this impedance is called inductive reactance XL, measured in ohms. Its relationship with inductance L and AC frequency f is XL=2πfL. Color-ring inductors are mainly classified into high-frequency choking coils and low-frequency choking coils. Inductor function 2: Color-ring inductors have tuning and frequency selection functions: A color-ring inductor connected in parallel with an electrolytic capacitor can form an LC tuning circuit. At resonance, the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the circuit are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction; that is, the natural oscillation frequency f0 of the circuit equals the frequency f of the non-AC signal, so the inductive and capacitive reactances of the loop are also equal. The usage of color-ring inductors is generally not very high, and those used in circuits are generally quite stable. Inductor function 11: The main uses of color-ring inductors include signal screening, noise filtering, current stabilization, and suppression of electromagnetic interference. The basic function of color-ring inductors is charging and discharging, but many circuit phenomena derived from this basic charging and discharging action give color-ring inductors various different applications. Today, color-ring inductors are widely used by customers; the role played by these small inductors cannot be overlooked.

Lutze electrical component classification

1. By application: Pressure-sensitive and force-sensitive sensors, position sensors, level sensors, energy consumption sensors, speed sensors, acceleration sensors, radiation sensors, thermal sensors. 2. By principle: Vibration sensors, humidity-sensitive sensors, magnetic-sensitive sensors, gas-sensitive sensors, vacuum degree sensors, biological sensors, etc. 3. By output signal: (1) Analog sensors convert the measured non-electrical quantity into an analog electrical signal. (2) Digital sensors: Convert the measured non-electrical quantity into a digital output signal (including direct and indirect conversion). (3) Pseudo-digital sensors: Convert the measured signal quantity into a frequency signal or short-period signal output (including direct or indirect conversion). (4) Switch sensors: When a measured signal reaches a specific threshold, the sensor correspondingly outputs a set low-level or high-level signal. 4. By manufacturing process: Integrated sensors are manufactured using standard production processes for silicon-based semiconductor integrated circuits. Usually, part of the circuit for preliminary processing of the measured signal is also integrated on the same chip. Thin-film sensors are formed by depositing thin films of corresponding sensitive materials on a dielectric substrate (base plate). When using hybrid processes, part of the circuit can also be fabricated on this substrate. Thick-film sensors are made by coating slurry of corresponding materials onto ceramic substrates, usually made of alumina, followed by heat treatment to form the thick film. Ceramic sensors are produced using standard ceramic processes or certain variants (sol-gel, etc.). After appropriate preparatory operations, the formed elements are sintered at high temperatures. There are many common characteristics between thick-film and ceramic sensor processes; in some aspects, thick-film technology can be considered a variant of ceramic technology. Each process technology has its own advantages and disadvantages. Due to lower capital investment required for research, development, and production, as well as the high stability of sensor parameters, it is more reasonable to adopt ceramic and thick-film sensors. 5. By measurement objective: Physical sensors are made using characteristics where certain physical properties of the measured substance undergo significant changes. Chemical sensors are made using sensitive elements that can convert chemical quantities such as composition and concentration of chemical substances into electrical quantities. Biological sensors are made using various biological or biomaterial characteristics to detect and identify chemical components in living organisms. 6. By composition: (1) Basic sensors are the most fundamental single transformation devices. (2) Combined sensors are sensors composed of different single transformation devices. (3) Application-specific sensors are sensors composed of basic or combined sensors combined with other mechanisms. 7. By mode of action: Sensors can be divided into active and passive types based on their mode of action. Active sensors include acting-type and reaction-type. Such sensors can emit a certain detection signal towards the measured object, detect changes produced by the detection signal in the measured object, or form a signal by generating a certain effect in the measured object via the detection signal. Those detecting changes in the detection signal are called acting-type; those detecting responses to form signals are called reaction-type. Radar and radio frequency range detectors are examples of acting-type, while photoacoustic effect analysis devices and laser analyzers are examples of reaction-type. Passive sensors only receive signals generated by the measured object itself, such as infrared radiation thermometers and infrared imaging devices.

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