microtherm electrical components German microtherm models microtherm prices

microtherm electrical components are high-power electronic components, also known as thyristors. They offer advantages such as compact size, high efficiency, and long service life. In automatic control systems, they can serve as high-power drive devices, enabling low-power control signals to manage high-power equipment. They are widely used in AC/DC motor speed control systems, power regulation systems, and servo systems. Thyristors are categorized into unidirectional and bidirectional types. Bidirectional thyristors are also called triacs, abbreviated as TRIAC. Structurally, a bidirectional thyristor is equivalent to two unidirectional thyristors connected in reverse parallel, providing bidirectional conduction capability. Its on/off state is determined by the gate G. Applying a positive pulse (or negative pulse) to the gate G enables forward (or reverse) conduction. The advantages of this device include a simple control circuit and no reverse voltage withstand issues, making it particularly suitable for use as an AC contactless switch.

microtherm electrical component principles

Varactor diodes are a special type of diode. When forward bias is applied, a large current flows, the PN (PN) junction depletion region narrows, capacitance increases, producing a diffusion capacitance effect; when reverse bias is applied, a transition capacitance effect occurs. However, since leakage current arises under forward bias, reverse bias is typically applied in applications. Varactor diodes, also known as voltage-controlled variable capacitors, are semiconductors that change junction capacitance based on the applied voltage. In other words, as variable capacitors, they can be used in resonant circuits such as FM tuners and TV tuners, as well as in FM modulation circuits. Essentially, it can be viewed as a PN junction. If a reverse voltage V is applied to the PN junction (since varactor diodes are used in reverse bias), electrons in the N-type semiconductor are drawn toward the positive terminal, and holes in the P-type semiconductor are drawn toward the negative terminal, forming a depletion layer devoid of electrons and holes. Let the width of this depletion layer be d, which varies with the reverse voltage V. Thus, as the reverse voltage V increases, the depletion layer d widens, and the diode capacitance C decreases (according to C=kS/d); conversely, as the reverse voltage decreases, the depletion layer width d narrows, and the diode capacitance increases. Changes in the reverse voltage V alter the depletion layer, thereby changing the junction capacitance C of the voltage-controlled varactor, achieving the desired effect. Varactor diodes are semiconductor devices manufactured based on the principle of variable capacitance across the PN junction, used as variable capacitors in high-frequency tuning, communication, and other circuits. Varactor diodes come in various package forms, including glass encapsulation (glass-sealed), plastic encapsulation (plastic-sealed), metal housing encapsulation (metal-sealed), and leadless surface-mount packages. Typically, low-to-medium power varactor diodes use glass, plastic, or surface-mount packaging, while higher-power varactor diodes often use metal sealing. Common varactor diode parameters.

microtherm electrical component principles

Its operating principle is similar to that of a transformer, with a basic structure consisting of an iron core and primary and secondary windings. It is characterized by a very small and relatively constant capacity, operating close to no-load conditions during normal operation. The impedance of the voltage transformer itself is very low; once a short circuit occurs on the secondary side, the current will increase sharply and burn out the coil. Therefore, fuses are connected to the primary side of the voltage transformer, and the secondary side is reliably grounded to prevent high potential to ground on the secondary side in case of insulation failure between the primary and secondary sides, which could cause personal injury and equipment damage. Voltage transformers for measurement are generally constructed as single-phase dual-winding structures, with the primary voltage being the measured voltage (such as the line voltage in power systems). They can be used singly or two units can be connected in a V-V configuration for three-phase use. Laboratory voltage transformers often have multiple taps on the primary side to accommodate the measurement of different voltages. Voltage transformers for protective grounding also include a third winding, known as three-winding voltage transformers. The third windings of the three phases are connected in an open-delta configuration, with the two terminals of the open delta connected to the voltage coil of the ground protection relay. During normal operation, the three-phase voltages in the power system are symmetrical, and the sum of the three-phase induced electromotive forces on the third winding is zero. Once a single-phase ground fault occurs, the neutral point shifts, generating zero-sequence voltage between the terminals of the open delta, causing the relay to operate and thus protecting the power system. Zero-sequence voltage in the coil results in corresponding zero-sequence flux in the iron core. Therefore, such three-phase voltage transformers use side-yoke iron cores or consist of three single-phase voltage transformers. For this type of transformer, the accuracy requirement for the third winding is not high, but it requires certain over-excitation characteristics (i.e., when the primary voltage increases, the magnetic flux density in the iron core increases by a corresponding factor without damage). Voltage transformers are indispensable electrical appliances in power transmission and supply systems such as power plants and substations. Precision voltage transformers are instruments used in electrical testing laboratories to extend measurement ranges for measuring voltage, power, and energy. Voltage transformers are very similar to transformers, both used to transform voltage on lines. Why is voltage transformation needed on lines? This is because, depending on generation, transmission, and consumption conditions, line voltages vary significantly, ranging from low voltages such as 220V and 389V to high voltages of tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of volts. To directly measure these low and high voltages, corresponding low-voltage and high-voltage voltmeters and other instruments and relays would need to be manufactured according to the line voltage levels. This would not only create significant difficulties in instrument manufacturing but, more importantly, directly manufacturing high-voltage instruments for direct measurement on high-voltage lines is impossible and strictly prohibited.

microtherm electrical component functions

(1) often compares sensor functions to the 5 major human sensory organs: photosensitive sensors for vision, acoustic sensors for hearing, gas-sensitive sensors for smell, chemical sensors for taste, and pressure-, temperature-, and fluid-sensitive sensors for touch. (2) Classification of sensitive elements: Physical category, based on physical effects such as force, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, and sound. Chemical category, based on the principles of chemical reactions. Biological category, based on molecular recognition functions such as enzymes, antibodies, and hormones. Typically, they can be divided into ten major categories based on their basic sensing functions: thermal-sensitive elements, photosensitive elements, gas-sensitive elements, force-sensitive elements, magnetic-sensitive elements, humidity-sensitive elements, acoustic-sensitive elements, radiation-sensitive elements, color-sensitive elements, and taste-sensitive elements (some have also classified sensitive elements into 46 categories).

Weidou Intelligent Technology specializes in selling German microtherm connectors, microtherm switches, microtherm relays, microtherm controllers, microtherm plugs, microtherm sensors, microtherm resistors, microtherm capacitors, microtherm buses, microtherm modules, microtherm cables, microtherm power supplies, microtherm interfaces, microtherm gateways, microtherm circuit breakers, microtherm original imports from Germany. We welcome inquiries and orders from users.