Pro-face electrical components, German Pro-face models, Pro-face prices

Pro-face electrical components are transducers that convert changing magnetic fields into changes in output voltage. Hall sensors are primarily used to measure magnetic fields; additionally, they can measure physical quantities that generate and affect magnetic fields, such as in proximity switches, Hall effect devices, position measurement, speed measurement, and current measurement equipment. In its simplest form, the sensor acts as an analog transducer, directly returning a voltage. In a known magnetic field, its distance from the Hall plate can be set. Using multiple sensors, the relative position of the magnet can be inferred. Current through a conductor generates a magnetic field that varies with the current, and Hall effect sensors can measure current without interfering with it. A typical construction integrates the sensor with a wound magnetic core or a permanent magnet next to the conductor under test. Typically, Hall effect sensors are connected to circuits, allowing the device to operate in digital (on/off) mode, in which case it may be referred to as a switch. Industrial equipment such as cylinders is also used in everyday devices; for example, some printers use them to monitor paper-out and open-cover conditions. When high reliability is required for keyboards, Hall sensors are designed into the keys. Hall effect sensors are commonly used to measure wheel and axle speeds, such as in internal combustion engine ignition timing or tachometers. They are used in brushless DC motors to detect the position of permanent magnets. A wheel equipped with two equidistant magnets causes the voltage on the sensor to peak twice per cycle; this setup is commonly used to calibrate the speed of disk drives.

Pro-face electrical component applications

The most widely used type of motor in various applications is the AC asynchronous motor. It is easy to use, reliable, inexpensive, and robust in structure, but has a low power factor and difficult speed control. Synchronous motors are commonly used for high-capacity, low-speed prime movers. Synchronous motors not only have a high power factor, but their speed is independent of load size and depends only on the grid frequency. They operate stably. DC motors are often used in applications requiring wide-range speed control. However, they have commutators, complex structures, high costs, difficult maintenance, and are unsuitable for harsh environments. With the development of power electronics, AC motor speed control technology is maturing, equipment prices are decreasing, and adoption is increasing. The maximum output mechanical power that a motor can handle under a specified duty cycle without overheating is called its rated power; users must observe the ratings on the nameplate. During operation, ensure that the load characteristics match the motor characteristics to avoid runaway or stalling. Motors provide a wide power range, from milliwatts to tens of megawatts. Motor use and control are very convenient, featuring capabilities such as self-starting, acceleration, braking, reversal, and holding. Generally, when a motor's speed is adjusted, its output power varies with the speed.

Pro-face electrical component principles

The absorption film irradiated by infrared rays is a thin film with low heat capacity and temperature that rises easily. A cavity structure is located directly below the center of the substrate; this design ensures a temperature difference between the cold junction and the measuring junction. The thermocouple consists of polysilicon and aluminum, connected in series. When the temperature at the measuring junction of each thermocouple rises, a thermal electromotive force Vn is generated between the thermocouples, so the sum of their voltages can be obtained at the output terminal.

Pro-face electrical component classification

1, fuse resistors: also known as fusible resistors, they serve the dual function of a resistor and a fuse under normal conditions. When a circuit fault causes power to exceed the rated power, it fuses like a fuse to disconnect the circuit. Fuse resistors generally have low resistance values and low power ratings. 4, sensitive resistors: refer to resistors whose resistance values are sensitive to certain physical quantities (such as temperature, humidity, light, voltage, mechanical force, and gas concentration). When these physical quantities change, the resistance of the sensitive resistor changes accordingly, presenting different resistance values. Based on sensitivity to different physical quantities, sensitive resistors can be classified into thermistors, humidity-sensitive resistors, photoresistors, varistors, force-sensitive resistors, magnetoresistors, and gas-sensitive resistors. The materials used for sensitive resistors are almost all semiconductors, so these resistors are also called semiconductor resistors. The resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature; if resistance decreases as temperature rises, it is a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. NTC thermistors are widely used and can be further divided into general-purpose NTC thermistors, voltage-stabilizing NTC thermistors, and temperature-measuring NTC thermistors. The resistance of a photoresistor changes with the intensity of incident light; when incident light increases, the resistance of the photoresistor decreases, and when incident light weakens, the resistance increases.

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