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PUK electrical component is a sensor resistor whose resistance changes with temperature. According to different temperature coefficients, it is divided into positive temperature coefficient thermistors and negative temperature coefficient thermistors. The resistance of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor increases as the temperature rises, while the resistance of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases as the temperature rises; both belong to semiconductor devices.

PUK electrical component principle

Crystal transistors are divided into two types by material: germanium tubes and silicon tubes. Each type has two structural forms: NPN and PNP, but the most commonly used are silicon NPN and germanium PNP transistors. (Among them, N means negative pole; in N-type semiconductors, phosphorus is added to high-purity silicon to replace some silicon atoms, generating free electrons for conduction under voltage stimulation. Meanwhile, P means positive pole, where boron is added to replace silicon, creating numerous holes to facilitate conduction.) Apart from the difference in power supply polarity, their working principles are identical. Below, only the current amplification principle of NPN silicon tubes is introduced. For an NPN tube, it consists of 9 pieces of N-type semiconductor sandwiching one piece of P-type semiconductor. The PN junction formed between the emitter region and the base region is called the emitter junction, and the PN junction formed between the collector region and the base region is called the collector junction. The three leads are respectively called the emitter e, base b, and collector c. When the potential at point b is a few tenths of a volt higher than that at point e, the emitter junction is in forward bias. When the potential at point C is several volts higher than that at point b, the collector junction is in reverse bias, and the collector power supply Ec must be higher than the base power supply Eb. During transistor manufacturing, the majority carrier concentration in the emitter region is intentionally made higher than that in the base region. At the same time, the base region is made very thin, and impurity content is strictly controlled. Thus, once the power is connected, due to the forward bias of the emitter junction, the majority carriers in the emitter region (electrons) and the majority carriers in the base region (holes) easily diffuse across the emitter junction toward each other. However, since the former's concentration is significantly higher than the latter's, the current passing through the emitter junction is basically an electron flow, known as the emitter electron flow.

PUK electrical component principle

An AC power supply that provides stable voltage and frequency is called an AC stabilized power supply. Most domestic manufacturers focus on AC voltage stabilization. Below, the classification characteristics are briefly described in combination with AC stabilized power supplies available on the market. Parameter adjustment (resonance) type: The basic principle of voltage stabilization for this type of stabilized power supply is LC series resonance. Early magnetic saturation stabilizers belong to this category. Its advantages include simple structure, few components, high reliability, wide voltage stabilization range, and strong anti-interference and overload capacity. The disadvantages are high energy consumption, high noise, heavy weight, and high cost.

PUK electrical component function

(1) often compares sensor functions to the 5 major sensory organs of humans: photosensitive sensors - vision, acoustic sensors - hearing, gas-sensitive sensors - smell, chemical sensors - taste, pressure-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, and fluid sensors - touch. (2) Classification of sensitive elements: Physical category, based on physical effects such as force, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, and sound. Chemical category, based on the principles of chemical reactions. Biological category, based on molecular recognition functions such as enzymes, antibodies, and hormones. Usually, according to their basic sensing functions, they can be divided into ten major categories: thermal-sensitive elements, photosensitive elements, gas-sensitive elements, force-sensitive elements, magnetic-sensitive elements, humidity-sensitive elements, acoustic-sensitive elements, radiation-sensitive elements, color-sensitive elements, and taste-sensitive elements. (Some have also classified sensitive elements into 53 categories.)

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