ritto electrical components Germany ritto model ritto price

ritto electrical component is a resistive device with nonlinear voltage-current characteristics, mainly used for voltage clamping when the circuit is subjected to overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive devices. The resistor body material of the varistor is semiconductor, so it is a type of semiconductor resistor. The currently widely used "zinc oxide" varistor has a main body composed of divalent element zinc and hexavalent element oxygen. Therefore, from a material perspective, the zinc oxide varistor is a "II-VI group oxide semiconductor". In Taiwan, China, varistors are called "surge absorbers", sometimes also referred to as "electric shock (surge) suppressors (absorbers)". A varistor is a voltage-limiting protection device. Utilizing the nonlinear characteristics of the varistor, when overvoltage appears between the two poles of the varistor, the varistor can clamp the voltage to a relatively fixed value, thereby achieving protection for the downstream circuit. The main parameters of a varistor include: varistor voltage, current handling capacity, junction capacitance, response time, etc. The response time of a varistor is at the ns level, faster than gas discharge tubes, but slightly slower than TVS tubes. Generally, its response speed can meet the requirements for overvoltage protection in electronic circuits. The junction capacitance of a varistor is generally in the range of hundreds to thousands of Pf, making it unsuitable for direct application in the protection of high-frequency signal lines in many cases. When applied in AC circuit protection, its larger junction capacitance will increase leakage current, which needs to be fully considered in the design of protection circuits. Varistors have a large current handling capacity, but smaller than that of gas discharge tubes. Varistors are abbreviated as VDR, and are voltage-sensitive nonlinear overvoltage protection semiconductor components.

ritto electrical component function

The main uses of disconnect switches (knife switches) are: 1, used to isolate the power supply, disconnecting high-voltage maintenance equipment from live equipment, creating a clearly visible break point between them. 2, disconnect switches cooperate with circuit breakers to perform switching operations according to the needs of system operation modes, changing the system wiring configuration. 3, used to connect or disconnect low-current circuits. Disconnect switches can perform the following operations: pulling and closing bypass currents of loop switches; pulling and closing grounding wires of transformer neutral points, but if an arc suppression coil is connected to the neutral point, operation is only permitted when the system is fault-free; pulling and closing voltage transformers and lightning arresters; pulling and closing capacitive currents of busbars and equipment directly connected to busbars; pulling and closing no-load lines with capacitive current not exceeding 5 amperes; triple-pole disconnect switches can pull and close loads with voltage at 10 kilovolts and below, and current below 16 amperes. When operating disconnect switches, note that when energizing a line, first close the busbar-side disconnect switch, then the line-side disconnect switch, and finally the circuit breaker. When de-energizing a line, first open the circuit breaker, then open the disconnect switch. Do not pull or close high-voltage disconnect switches under load.

ritto electrical component classification

1. Classification by relay external dimensions: (1) miniature relays, (2) sub-miniature relays, (3) small miniature relays. 2. Classification by relay load: (1) micropower relays, (2) low-power relays, (3) medium-power relays, (4) high-power relays. 8. Classification by relay protection features: (1) sealed relays: relays where contacts and coils are sealed inside a cover using welding or other methods, isolated from the surrounding medium, resulting in low leakage rates. (2) enclosed relays: relays where contacts and coils are protected by being sealed (non-hermetically) within a housing. (3) open relays: relays that do not use a protective cover to protect contacts and coils. Among the above relays, electromagnetic relays and reed relays are the most commonly used in electronic fabrication.

ritto electrical component structure

Some gas discharge tubes use glass as the tube encapsulation shell, while others use ceramic. The discharge tube is filled with inert gases with stable electrical properties (such as argon and neon). Common discharge tubes typically have two or three electrodes, separated by inert gas. Based on the number of electrodes, discharge tubes can be divided into two-electrode and three-electrode discharge tubes. Ceramic two-electrode discharge tubes consist mainly of pure iron electrodes, nickel-chromium-cobalt alloy caps, silver-copper welding caps, and ceramic tube bodies. The discharge electrodes inside the tube are coated with radioactive oxides, and the inner wall of the tube is also coated with radioactive elements to improve discharge characteristics. Discharge electrodes mainly come in rod and cup structures. In discharge tubes with rod-shaped electrodes, a cylindrical heat shield is installed between the electrode and the tube wall. This heat shield ensures uniform heating of the ceramic tube body, preventing local overheating that could cause tube fracture. The heat shield is also coated with radioactive oxides to further reduce discharge dispersion. In discharge tubes with cup-shaped electrodes, a molybdenum mesh is installed at the cup opening, and cesium element is placed inside the cup, also serving to reduce discharge dispersion. Three-electrode discharge tubes are also composed of pure iron electrodes, nickel-chromium-cobalt alloy caps, silver-copper welding caps, and ceramic tube bodies. Unlike two-electrode discharge tubes, three-electrode discharge tubes add a nickel-chromium-cobalt alloy cylinder as the third electrode, i.e., the grounding electrode.

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