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Scan electrical component is an active-matrix liquid crystal display driven by thin-film transistors. It primarily uses current to stimulate liquid crystal molecules to generate points, lines, and planes, which combine with backlights to form images. IPS, TFT, and SLCD are all subclasses of LCD. Its working principle is that, under the action of an electric field, the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules changes, altering the transmittance (modulation) of external light sources to complete electro-optical conversion. Then, using different excitations of the R, G, and B primary color signals, and passing through red, green, and blue primary color filter films, it completes the color reproduction in the time domain and spatial domain.

Scan electrical component principle

Optical measurement and control systems manufactured based on different principles of luminous flux acting on photoelectric elements are diverse. According to the nature of the output of photoelectric elements (optical measurement and control systems), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, which has a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Analog photoelectric sensors can be divided into three major categories based on the method of measuring the target object: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and shading (beam blocking) type. The so-called transmission type means that the measured object is placed in the optical path, the light energy emitted by the constant light source passes through the measured object, and after being partially absorbed, the transmitted light is projected onto the photoelectric element. The so-called diffuse reflection type means that the light emitted by the constant light source is projected onto the measured object, and then reflected from the surface of the measured object onto the photoelectric element. The so-called shading type means that when the luminous flux emitted by the light source is partially blocked by the measured object, the luminous flux projected onto the photoelectric element changes; the degree of change is related to the position of the measured object in the optical path. Photodiodes are the most common light sensors. The appearance of a photodiode is the same as that of a general diode. When there is no light, its reverse current is very small, similar to a ordinary diode, which is called the dark current of the photodiode. When there is light, carriers are excited to generate electron-hole pairs, called photoelectric carriers. Under the action of an external electric field, the photoelectric carriers participate in conduction, forming a reverse current much larger than the dark current, which is called photocurrent. The magnitude of the photocurrent is proportional to the light intensity, so an electrical signal that varies with light intensity can be obtained across the load resistor.

Scan electrical component classification

In different application scenarios, the purpose of applying varistors and the voltage/current stress acting on the varistors are not the same, so the requirements for varistors also differ. Paying attention to these differences is very important for correct use. According to different purposes, varistors can be divided into two major categories: protection varistors and circuit function varistors. (1) Protection varistors: 1 Distinguish between power supply protection varistors and signal line/data line protection varistors, as they must meet different technical standard requirements. 2 According to the different continuous operating voltages applied to the varistor, varistors used across power lines can be divided into AC type and DC type. The aging characteristics of varistors under these two voltage stresses are different. 11 According to the different abnormal overvoltage characteristics withstand by varistors, varistors can be divided into three types: surge suppression type, high-power type, and high-energy type. (2) Surge suppression type: Refers to varistors used to suppress transient overvoltages such as lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. The occurrence of this transient overvoltage is random and non-periodic, and the peak current and voltage may be very high. The vast majority of varistors belong to this category. (3) High-power type: Refers to varistors used to absorb continuous pulse groups that appear periodically, such as varistors connected in parallel to switching power supply converters. Here, the impulse voltage appears periodically, and the period is known. The energy value can generally be calculated. Although the peak voltage is not very high, the average power is quite large due to the high frequency of occurrence. (4) High-energy type: Refers to varistors used to absorb magnetic energy in large inductive coils such as generator excitation coils and lifting electromagnet coils. For such applications, the main technical indicator is energy absorption capacity. The protective function of varistors can be repeated many times in most application scenarios, but sometimes they are made into one-time protective devices like current fuses. For example, varistors with short-circuit contacts connected in parallel to the loads of certain current transformers.

Scan electrical component features

Among various switches, there is a component with the ability to "sense" objects approaching it—the displacement sensor. Using the sensitivity of the displacement sensor to approaching objects to control the opening or closing of the switch is what constitutes a proximity switch. Only when an object moves toward the proximity switch and approaches within a certain distance does the displacement sensor "sense" it, causing the switch to actuate. This distance is usually called the "detection distance." Different proximity switches have different detection distances. Sometimes the detected objects move toward the proximity switch one by one at certain time intervals, and then leave one by one, repeating this process continuously. Different proximity switches have different response capabilities to the detection objects. This response characteristic is called the "response frequency."

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