Scharnberger Hasenbein electrical components German Scharnberger Hasenbein models Scharnberger Hasenbein prices

Scharnberger Hasenbein electrical components are pyroelectric infrared sensors, devices constructed from thermocouples. They are widely used as temperature detection devices in fields such as ear thermometers, radiation thermometers, electric ovens, and food temperature testing. The article details the basic unit of a thermopile—the thermocouple—and provides a detailed introduction to the structure, working principle, main parameters, and applications of thermopiles.

Scharnberger Hasenbein electrical component parameters

The main parameters of a potentiometer include nominal resistance, rated power, resolution, sliding noise, resistance variation characteristic, wear resistance, zero-position resistance, and temperature coefficient. 1. Rated power: The maximum power allowed to be dissipated across the two fixed terminals of a potentiometer is its rated power. Note that the rated power is not equal to the power between the center tap and a fixed terminal. The rated power of a potentiometer refers to the maximum power allowed to be consumed under long-term continuous load at the specified rated temperature, when the atmospheric pressure is 87~107kPa. 2. Nominal resistance: The nominal resistance value marked on the product, with series similar to those of resistors. 3. Tolerance class: The error range between the measured resistance and the nominal resistance allows for errors of 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, and 1% depending on the precision class. The precision of precision potentiometers can reach 0.1%. 15. Resistance variation law: Refers to the relationship between resistance change and the rotation angle (or sliding travel) of the wiper contact. This relationship can take any functional form; common types include linear, logarithmic, and reverse logarithmic (exponential). In use, linear potentiometers are suitable as voltage dividers; reverse logarithmic (exponential) potentiometers are suitable as volume controls in radios, tape recorders, phonographs, and televisions. If a replacement of the same type is unavailable during maintenance, a linear type may be used as a substitute, but a logarithmic type is not recommended. Logarithmic potentiometers are only suitable for tone control, etc.

Scharnberger Hasenbein electrical component parameters

1. Voltage temperature coefficient: Refers to the rate of change of the nominal voltage of a varistor within the specified temperature range, i.e., the relative change in voltage across the varistor when the temperature changes while the current through the varistor remains constant. 2. Current temperature coefficient: Refers to the relative change in current flowing through the varistor when the temperature changes while the voltage across the varistor remains constant. 3. Nominal voltage: Refers to the voltage value across the varistor when DC current flows through it. 4. Voltage ratio: Refers to the ratio of the voltage generated by the current in the varistor to the voltage generated by the current in the varistor. 5. Maximum limiting voltage: Refers to the highest voltage value that the varistor can withstand across its terminals. 6. Leakage current: Also known as standby current, it refers to the current flowing through the varistor at the specified temperature and maximum DC current. 7. Residual voltage ratio: When the current through the varistor is at a certain value, the voltage generated across its terminals is called the residual voltage for that current value. The residual voltage ratio is the ratio of the residual voltage to the nominal voltage. 8. Surge current capacity: Also known as surge current, it refers to the maximum pulse (peak) current value allowed to pass through the varistor under specified conditions (specified time intervals and number of times, applying standard impulse current). 9. Static capacitance: Refers to the inherent capacitive capacity of the varistor itself. 10. Insulation resistance: Refers to the resistance value between the leads (pins) of the varistor and the insulated surface of the resistive body. 18. Voltage nonlinearity coefficient: Refers to the ratio of the static resistance value to the dynamic resistance value of the varistor under a given applied voltage.

Scharnberger Hasenbein electrical component principles

A varactor diode is a special type of diode. When forward bias is applied, a large current is generated, the PN (positive-negative) junction depletion region narrows, capacitance increases, and a diffusion capacitance effect is produced; when reverse bias is applied, a transition capacitance effect is produced. However, since leakage current occurs when forward bias is applied, reverse bias is supplied in applications. A varactor diode, also known as a voltage-controlled variable capacitor, is a semiconductor that changes its junction capacitance according to the applied voltage change. That is, as a variable capacitor, it can be applied in resonant circuits such as FM tuners and TV tuners, and in FM modulation circuits. In fact, we can view it as a PN junction. If a reverse voltage V is applied to the PN junction (varactor diodes are used in reverse), electrons in the N-type semiconductor are drawn toward the positive pole, and holes in the P-type semiconductor are drawn toward the negative pole, forming a depletion layer with neither electrons nor holes. Let the width of this depletion layer be d, which changes with the reverse voltage V. Thus, as the reverse voltage V increases, the depletion layer d widens, and the diode capacitance C decreases (according to C=kS/d); conversely, as the reverse voltage decreases, the depletion layer width d narrows, and the diode capacitance increases. The change in reverse voltage V causes changes in the depletion layer, thereby changing the junction capacitance C of the voltage-controlled variable capacitor, achieving the desired effect. Varactor diodes are semiconductor devices made based on the principle of variable capacitance between PN junctions, used as variable capacitors in high-frequency tuning, communication, and other circuits. Varactor diodes come in various package forms, including glass encapsulation (glass-sealed), plastic encapsulation (plastic-sealed), metal casing encapsulation (metal-sealed), and leadless surface mount packages. Typically, low-to-medium power varactor diodes use glass-sealed, plastic-sealed, or surface mount packages, while higher power varactor diodes mostly use metal-sealed packages. Common varactor diode parameters.

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