TEKNOWARE electrical components Germany TEKNOWARE model TEKNOWARE price

TEKNOWARE electrical component is a current-limiting element. When a resistor is connected in a circuit, the resistance value is fixed, typically with two pins, and it limits the current flowing through the branch to which it is connected. A resistor whose resistance cannot be changed is called a fixed resistor. A resistor whose resistance can be varied is called a potentiometer or variable resistor. An ideal resistor is linear, meaning the instantaneous current through the resistor is proportional to the applied instantaneous voltage. Variable resistors used for voltage division. One or two movable metal contacts are pressed tightly against the exposed resistive body. The contact position determines the resistance between either end of the resistive body and the contact. There is a definite functional relationship between terminal voltage and current; it is a two-terminal device that embodies the ability to convert electrical energy into other forms, represented by the letter R, with the unit ohm Ω. Actual devices such as light bulbs, heating wires, and resistors can all be represented as resistor elements. The resistance value of a resistive element is generally related to temperature, material, length, and cross-sectional area. The physical quantity that measures the extent to which resistance is affected by temperature is the temperature coefficient, defined as the percentage change in resistance when the temperature increases by 1 ℃. The main physical characteristic of a resistor is the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy; it can also be described as a dissipative element, where internal energy is generated as current passes through it. Resistors typically serve the functions of voltage division and current shunting in circuits. For signals, both AC and DC signals can pass through a resistor.

TEKNOWARE electrical component structure

A generator is typically composed of components such as the stator, rotor, end covers, and bearings. The stator consists of the stator core, winding coils, frame, and other structural parts that secure these components. The rotor consists of the rotor core (or magnetic poles, yoke), windings, retaining rings, centering rings, slip rings, fan, and shaft. The bearings and end covers connect and assemble the stator and rotor of the generator, allowing the rotor to rotate within the stator, cutting magnetic flux lines, thereby generating induced electromotive force. This is led out through terminal blocks and connected into the circuit, producing current.

TEKNOWARE electrical component classification

For different application scenarios, the purpose of using varistors and the voltage/current stress applied to them vary, resulting in different requirements for varistors. It is very important to distinguish these differences for correct usage. Based on the purpose of use, varistors can be divided into two major categories: protection varistors and circuit function varistors. (1) Protection varistors: 1. Distinguish between power supply protection varistors and signal line or data line protection varistors, as they must meet different technical standard requirements. 2. Based on the different continuous operating voltages applied to the varistor, varistors across power lines can be classified into AC type or DC type. The aging characteristics of varistors under these two voltage stresses differ. 4. Based on the different abnormal overvoltage characteristics withstandable by the varistor, varistors can be classified into three types: surge suppression type, high-power type, and high-energy type. (2) Surge suppression type: Refers to varistors used to suppress transient overvoltages such as lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. The occurrence of such transient overvoltages is random and non-periodic, and the peak current and voltage may be very high. The vast majority of varistors belong to this category. (3) High-power type: Refers to varistors used to absorb continuous pulse trains that occur periodically, such as varistors connected in parallel to switching power supply converters. Here, impulse voltages occur periodically with a known period, and the energy value can generally be calculated. Although the voltage peak is not very high, the average power is considerable due to the high frequency of occurrence. (4) High-energy type: Refers to varistors used to absorb magnetic energy in large inductive coils such as generator excitation coils and lifting electromagnet coils. For such applications, the main technical indicator is energy absorption capacity. The protective function of varistors can be repeated multiple times in most application scenarios, but sometimes they are made into one-time protective devices similar to current fuses. For example, varistors with short-circuit contacts connected in parallel to the loads of certain current transformers.

TEKNOWARE electrical component structure

Three basic configurations of fiber optic sensor networks. Fiber optic sensor networks have three basic configurations. One is called the single-point sensor. Here, a single optical fiber serves only as a transmission medium. Another is called the multi-point sensor, where a single optical fiber connects many sensors in series, allowing many sensors to share a light source for networked monitoring. Then there is the intelligent fiber optic sensor. Multi-point fiber optic sensors appear externally as a section of grating, with periodic intervals discovered through ultraviolet irradiation. When light enters the fiber, if the wavelength of the light exactly equals twice the interval, the light wave will undergo strong reflection. If the fiber is subjected to temperature changes or strain, this reflected wavelength will change. Many such sensors can be made on a single fiber, and connecting them enables various sensing applications. Because optical fibers are flexible, they can be arranged in two or three dimensions, so the horizontal axis represents spatial position, and the vertical axis represents the measured object. What problem does such a sensor network solve? It solves the problem of what happened at what location and with what intensity, thereby providing two-dimensional information. This is the problem that intelligent fiber optic sensors need to address. They have very prominent required characteristics, including small size, high strength, good stability, embeddability in materials, electromagnetic interference resistance, and environmental durability.

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