GMC controller, German GMC model, GMC price

GMC controller refers to converting predetermined control schemes and planning instructions into desired mechanical motion under complex conditions, achieving precise position control, speed control, acceleration control, and torque or force control of mechanical motion. A motion controller is a dedicated controller for controlling the operating mode of electric motors: for example, a motor drives an object upward to a specified position via an AC contactor controlled by a limit switch, then moves downward; or a time relay controls the motor's forward and reverse rotation, or intermittent operation (run-stop-run-stop). Motion control applications in robotics and CNC machine tools are more complex than those in specialized machines, as the latter have simpler motion forms, often referred to as General Motion Control (GMC).

GMC Controller Introduction

Motion control typically converts predetermined control schemes and planning instructions into desired mechanical motion under complex conditions, achieving precise position control, speed control, acceleration control, and torque or force control. Based on the power source, motion control is mainly divided into electrical motion control using electric motors, pneumatic/hydraulic control using gas and fluids, and thermal engine motion control using fuels (coal, oil, etc.). According to statistics, over 90% of all power sources come from electric motors. Electric motors play a crucial role in modern production and daily life, making electrical motion control the most widely applied among these types. Electrical motion control evolved from electric drive systems, which are control systems targeting electric motors. While motion control systems vary, a typical modern system's hardware primarily consists of a host computer, motion controller, power drive unit, motor, actuator, and sensor feedback detection device. The motion controller is a control device centered on a central logic control unit, using sensors as signal-sensitive elements, and controlling motors or power devices and actuators. [A motion controller is a dedicated controller for managing motor operation: for instance, controlling upward/downward movement via limit switches and AC contactors, or controlling forward/reverse/intermittent operation via time relays. Motion control in robotics and CNC is more complex than in specialized machines due to simpler motion forms in the latter, often called General Motion Control (GMC). The motion controller is the key component determining automatic control system performance. For the Mitsubishi series, the motion CPU is the motion controller. For simple motion control systems, a microcontroller-based motion controller can meet requirements with high cost-effectiveness.

GMC Controller Functions

1) Motion Planning Function: This generates reference values for motion speed and position. Suitable reference values not only improve trajectory accuracy but also reduce requirements for the rotating system and mechanical transmission components. General motion controllers typically provide motion planning methods that limit values affecting dynamic trajectory accuracy, such as jerk, acceleration, and speed, allowing users to call corresponding functions directly. Motion planning limiting acceleration produces a trapezoidal velocity profile; motion planning limiting jerk produces an S-shaped velocity profile. Generally, for CNC machine tools, motion planning methods limiting acceleration and speed reference values yield excellent dynamic characteristics. For fast positioning systems with high acceleration and short strokes, strict requirements on positioning time and overshoot often necessitate motion planning methods with continuous higher-order derivatives. 2) Multi-axis Interpolation and Continuous Interpolation Functions: The multi-axis interpolation function provided by general motion controllers is widely used in the CNC machinery industry. In recent years, the rapid development of the engraving market, especially mold engraving machines, has driven the development of continuous interpolation functions in motion controllers. Mold engraving involves processing numerous short line segments, requiring minimal fluctuation in processing speed between segments and smooth transitions at speed change points. This requires motion controllers to have look-ahead speed and continuous interpolation capabilities. Googol Technology has launched a continuous interpolation motion controller specifically for small segment processing, which has been well applied in mold engraving, laser engraving, and planar cutting. 3) Electronic Gear and Electronic Cam Functions: Electronic gears and cams greatly simplify mechanical design and enable functions difficult to achieve with mechanical gears and cams. Electronic gears allow multiple motion axes to move synchronously according to a set gear ratio, making them suitable for fixed-length shearing and shaftless register printing. Additionally, electronic gear functions can make one motion axis follow a function determined by the motion of other axes, or follow the combined speed of two other axes at a set ratio. The electronic cam function allows changing cam shapes via programming without grinding mechanical cams, greatly simplifying processing techniques. This function is well applied in mechanical cam hardening, irregular glass cutting, and all-electric spring driving. 4) Compare Output Function: This refers to the motion controller outputting one or more digital signals when the position reaches a set coordinate point during motion, without affecting the motion process. For example, in AOI flying inspection, the compare output function triggers CCD high-speed imaging at the set position without interrupting motion, significantly improving efficiency and image quality. This function is also well applied in laser engraving applications by Googol Technology's general motion controller. 5) Probe Signal Latch Function: This latches the moment a probe signal is generated and the positions of all motion axes. Accuracy depends only on hardware circuits, unaffected by software or system inertia, making it valuable in the CCM measurement industry. Additionally, more OEM manufacturers wish to integrate their rich industry application experience into motion control systems, designing personalized motion controller functions for different applications and control objects. Googol Technology has developed a general motion controller application development platform, enabling true object-oriented open control structure and system reconfiguration. Users can load self-designed control algorithms into the motion controller's memory to reconstruct a special-purpose dedicated motion controller without changing the control system's structural design.

GMC Controller Composition

A motion controller generates trajectory points (desired output) and closes the position feedback loop. Many controllers can also close a velocity loop internally. A drive or amplifier converts the motion controller's control signals (usually speed or torque signals) into higher-power current or voltage signals. More advanced intelligent drives can close position and velocity loops internally for more precise control. An actuator, such as a hydraulic pump, cylinder, linear actuator, or motor, outputs motion. A feedback sensor, such as a photoelectric encoder, resolver, or Hall effect device, feeds back the actuator's position to the position controller to close the position control loop. Numerous mechanical components convert the actuator's motion into the desired form, including gearboxes, shafts, ball screws, timing belts, couplings, and linear and rotary bearings. Typically, a motion control system's functions include speed control and point-to-point control. There are many methods to calculate a motion trajectory, usually based on a motion velocity profile such as triangular, trapezoidal, or S-shaped velocity profiles. Examples include electronic gears (or electronic cams), where the slave axis position mechanically follows the master axis position changes. A simple example is a system with two turntables rotating at a given relative angle. Electronic cams are more complex than electronic gears, making the follow relationship between master and slave axes a function. This curve can be nonlinear but must be functional.

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