German TER plug TER model TER price

TER plugs are conductive devices that bridge two conductors in a circuit, allowing current or signals to flow from one conductor to another. They are widely used in various electrical circuits to connect or disconnect current or signals. This connection may be temporary and convenient for plugging and unplugging at any time, or it may be a permanent junction between electrical equipment or wires. Electronic connectors are devices that transmit electronic signals (analog or digital signals) and provide a separable interface to connect two sub-electronic systems. They are components used to complete electrical connections between circuits or electronic machines. Examples include power plugs/sockets, IC sockets, and telephone line plugs. They are widely used in the electronics industry. An electronic connector is an electromechanical system that provides a separable interface to connect two sub-electronic systems. Simply put, components used to complete electrical connections between circuits or electronic machines are called connectors, acting as a bridge between them. Electronics serve as electrical/electronic transmission and connection components between circuits, components, and systems, enabling stable and reliable flow of power, signals, and current, while facilitating product assembly, maintenance, and replacement.

TER plug structure

An electrical connector consists of a fixed-end electrical connector, i.e., the female contact (referred to as the socket), and a free-end electrical connector, i.e., the male contact (referred to as the plug). The socket is fixed to the powered component via its square (or round) flange (some also use welding methods). The plug is generally connected to a cable, and the connection between the plug and socket is achieved through a connecting nut. An electrical connector consists of three basic units: the shell, the insulator, and the contact body. 1) Shell: The electrical connector shell refers to the outer housing of the plug and socket, the connecting nut, and the rear accessories. The function of the outer housing is to protect the internal parts of the electrical connector, such as the insulator and contacts (collectively referred to as pins and sockets), from damage. The positioning key slots on top ensure proper alignment of the plug and socket. The connecting nut is used for connecting and separating the plug and socket. The rear accessories are used to protect the wire termination points from damage and to secure the cable. The shell also provides a certain degree of electromagnetic shielding. Shells are generally made from aluminum alloy (machined, cold extruded, or die-cast). Steel shells are mostly used for glass-sealed and high-temperature resistant electrical connectors. 2) Insulator: Composed of pin-mounting insulators, socket-mounting insulators, interface seals, and wire seals. It is used to keep pins and sockets in their designated positions and to provide electrical insulation between individual contacts and between the contacts and the shell. Sealing measures are achieved through the insulator combined with interface seals and wire seals to improve the environmental resistance of the electrical connector. To adapt to high temperature, low temperature, and flame retardancy requirements, and to ensure stable and reliable geometric dimensions of the parts, insulators are mostly molded from thermosetting plastics. Interface seals and wire seals are formed by molding silicone rubber, etc. 3) Contact body: The contact body includes male and female contacts, sometimes referred to as pins and sockets. Connection methods include soldering, crimping, press-fit, and wire-wrapping, used to achieve circuit connections. Pins and sockets are key components of electrical connectors, directly affecting their reliability. Pins and sockets are mostly machined from elastic copper alloys with good conductivity, and their surfaces are silver- or gold-plated to achieve low contact resistance and corrosion resistance. Sockets generally include split-type sockets, wire spring sockets, crown spring sockets, and stamped sockets. Structural features include: environmental resistance, bayonet (quick) connection, multi-key positioning (anti-misinsertion), crimped connection between contacts and wires (single-wire removal facilitates fault handling), and an outer shell with a shielding ring to ensure 360° electromagnetic interference shielding capability.

TER plug material

Material selection is based on a comprehensive consideration of processability, product applicability, and strength properties; the cost of electronic connectors varies depending on material prices, processing difficulty, and production efficiency; electronic connector materials mainly include insulator materials (plastic raw materials) and conductor materials (phosphor bronze, brass); common engineering plastics used in electronic connectors are: LCP, NYLON, PBT. 1) LCP: Has a small linear expansion coefficient, low injection molding shrinkage rate, outstanding strength and elastic modulus, and excellent heat resistance, with a high load deformation temperature, some reaching above 340 degrees. LCP also has excellent chemical resistance and air tightness, so it is the first choice for connectors, especially those requiring SMT, such as eg:MINI PCI EXPRESS; DDR. 2) NYLON: Lower cost, very high tensile strength, outstanding wear resistance and self-lubricity, good fluidity, beneficial for thin-wall molding, but significant shrinkage, prone to burrs, and requires strict baking before molding to prevent hydrolysis. General connectors, especially DIP, mostly use NYLON material, such as eg:PCI 120P; PCI EXPRESS. 3) PBT: Plug-in electronic connectors, low cost, high strength, wear-resistant, but poor moldability, significant shrinkage. Due to the lower melting temperature, plastic melting phenomena may occur during wave soldering.

TER plug assembly

The northbridge chip on the motherboard is responsible for connecting components with the highest data throughput, such as memory and graphics cards, and links to the southbridge chip. The CPU connects to the northbridge chip via the front-side bus (FSB), thereby exchanging data with memory and graphics cards through the northbridge. The front-side bus is the primary channel for the CPU to exchange data with external components; therefore, its data transfer capability significantly impacts overall computer performance. Without a sufficiently fast front-side bus, even a powerful CPU cannot substantially improve overall system speed. The maximum data bandwidth depends on the width of all simultaneously transmitted data and the transmission frequency, i.e., Data Bandwidth = (Bus Frequency × Data Bit Width) ÷ 8. Front-side bus frequencies achievable on PC systems include 266MHz, 333MHz, 400MHz, 533MHz, and 800MHz. A higher front-side bus frequency indicates greater data transfer capacity between the CPU and the northbridge chip, allowing the CPU to perform more effectively. CPU technology advances rapidly, with computing speeds increasing quickly. A sufficiently wide front-side bus ensures adequate data supply to the CPU, whereas a lower front-side bus frequency cannot provide enough data to the CPU, thereby limiting CPU performance and creating a system bottleneck.

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