German BMR plug BMR model BMR price

BMR plug is a common line or path used in computers to connect various functional components and transmit data between them. In computer systems, buses can be classified according to the objects they connect: Chip bus, also known as device-level bus, which is the bus inside the central processing unit chip. Internal bus, also known as system bus or board-level bus, which is the transmission path between various functional components of the computer; the microcomputer bus is usually called the internal bus. External bus, also known as communication bus, which is the transmission path between computer systems, or between the computer host and peripheral devices. In computer systems, the common path for transmitting information between various components is called the bus, and microcomputers use a bus structure to connect various functional components.

BMR plug principle

A bus is a shared data transmission device. Although multiple devices can be connected to the bus, typically only one pair of devices can participate in data transmission at any given time. According to the form of information transmission, buses can be divided into parallel buses and serial buses. A parallel bus transmits n-bit binary information simultaneously using n transmission lines. Its characteristics are high transmission speed, but the system structure is more complex; it is used for connections between various components within a computer system. A serial bus shares one transmission line for multi-bit binary information, with the multi-bit binary information passing through the bus in chronological order. Its characteristics are simple structure, but its transmission speed is slower. The bus must have clear specifications: Bus timing protocol, meaning that certain timing rules must be followed when transmitting information on the bus, such as synchronous bus timing, asynchronous bus timing, and semi-synchronous bus timing. Physical characteristics of the bus, including the electrical characteristics of signals, power, and addresses, as well as the mechanical characteristics of wiring and connectors. Bus bandwidth, which is the maximum transmission rate achievable by the bus, with the unit being MB/S.

BMR plug classification

Buses can be divided into five major types according to function and specification: Data bus (Data Bus): Transmits data that needs to be processed or stored back and forth between the CPU and RAM. Address bus (Address Bus): Used to specify the address of data stored in RAM (Random Access Memory). Control bus (Control Bus): Transmits signals from the microprocessor control unit (Control Unit) to peripheral devices. Expansion bus (Expansion Bus): A bus for data communication between external devices and the computer host, such as the ISA bus and PCI bus. Local bus (Local Bus): Replaces expansion buses for higher-speed data transmission. Among these, the data bus DB (Data Bus), address bus AB (Address Bus), and control bus CB (Control Bus) are collectively referred to as the system bus, which is what is commonly meant by the term "bus." In some systems, the data bus and address bus are multiplexed, meaning that signals on the bus represent data at certain times and addresses at other times; while in other systems, they are separate. The address bus and data bus of the 51 series microcontrollers are multiplexed, whereas buses in general PC systems are separate. The "data bus DB" is used to transmit data information. The data bus is a bidirectional tri-state bus, meaning it can transmit data from the CPU to memory or other components such as I/O interfaces, and can also transmit data from other components to the CPU. The bit width of the data bus is an important indicator of a microcomputer, usually consistent with the word length of the microprocessor. For example, the Intel 8086 microprocessor has a word length of 16 bits, and its data bus width is also 16 bits. It should be pointed out that the meaning of "data" is broad; it can be actual data, instruction code, or status information, and sometimes even control information. Therefore, in practical work, what is transmitted on the data bus is not necessarily just data in the strict sense.

BMR plug main parameters

1) Rated voltage: Also known as operating voltage, it mainly depends on the insulating materials used in the connector and the spacing between contact pairs. Certain components or devices may fail to perform their intended functions when operated below their rated voltage. The rated voltage of a connector should effectively be understood as the maximum operating voltage recommended by the manufacturer. In principle, connectors can operate normally at voltages below the rated voltage. The author recommends selecting the rated voltage reasonably based on the connector's dielectric strength (withstand voltage) specifications, according to the application environment and safety level requirements. This means that with the same dielectric strength specification, different maximum operating voltages can be applied depending on the specific application environment and safety requirements, which aligns better with actual usage conditions. 2) Rated current: Also known as operating current. Similar to rated voltage, connectors generally operate normally when the current is below the rated current. During the connector design process, thermal design is employed to meet rated current requirements, because when current flows through the contact pair, heat is generated due to conductor resistance and contact resistance. When the temperature rise exceeds a certain limit, it can damage the connector's insulation and cause softening of the contact pair surface plating, leading to failures. Therefore, limiting the rated current effectively means limiting the internal temperature rise of the connector to not exceed the designed specified value. An important consideration during selection is that for multi-core connectors, the rated current must be derated. This is particularly important in high-current applications; for example, for 3.5mm contact pairs, the rated current is generally specified as 50A, but when used in a 5-core configuration, it must be derated by 33%, meaning the rated current per core is only 38A. The greater the number of cores, the larger the derating amplitude. 3) Contact resistance: Contact resistance refers to the resistance generated at the contact interface between two conductive contacts. Two issues should be noted during selection: First, the contact resistance specification of a connector actually refers to the contact pair resistance, which includes both the contact resistance and the conductor resistance of the contact pair. Since conductor resistance is usually small, the contact pair resistance is often referred to as contact resistance in many technical specifications. Second, in circuits carrying small signals, attention must be paid to the conditions under which the specified contact resistance is tested, because oxide layers, oil stains, or other contaminants on the contact surfaces can create film resistance. As the film thickness increases, the resistance rises rapidly, causing the film to become a poor conductor. However, this film layer can undergo mechanical breakdown under high contact pressure, or electrical breakdown under high voltage and high current. For some compact connectors designed with relatively low contact pressure, where the application involves only mA and mV levels, the film resistance is not easily broken down, which may affect signal transmission. One of the contact resistance test methods specified in GB5095 "Basic Test Procedures and Measurement Methods for Electromechanical Components Used in Electrical Equipment," namely the "Contact Resistance - Millivolt Method," stipulates that to prevent breakdown of the insulating film on the contacts, the DC or AC peak open-circuit electromotive force of the test circuit shall not exceed 20mV, and the DC or AC test current shall not exceed 100mA. 4) Shielding: In modern electrical and electronic equipment, the increasing density of components and their interrelated functions impose strict limits on electromagnetic interference. Therefore, connectors are often enclosed in metal housings to prevent internal electromagnetic energy radiation or interference from external electromagnetic fields. At low frequencies, only magnetic materials provide significant shielding against magnetic fields. In such cases, there are specific requirements for the electrical continuity of the metal housing, which relates to the housing contact resistance.

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