German RLS encoder RLS model RLS price

The RLS encoder is a sensor that converts mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft into pulses or digital quantities through photoelectric conversion. It is currently the most widely used sensor. Photoelectric encoders consist of a light source, a code disk, and photosensitive elements. The grating disk has several rectangular holes evenly spaced on a circular plate of a certain diameter. Since the photoelectric code disk is coaxial with the motor, the grating disk rotates at the same speed as the motor when the motor rotates. A detection device composed of electronic components such as light-emitting diodes detects and outputs several pulse signals. By calculating the number of pulses output by the photoelectric encoder per second, the current speed of the motor can be reflected. In addition, to determine the direction of rotation, the code disk can also provide two pulse signals with a phase difference of 90º.

RLS encoder installation and use

Mechanical installation and use of absolute rotary encoders: The mechanical installation of absolute rotary encoders takes various forms, such as high-speed end installation, low-speed end installation, and auxiliary mechanical device installation. High-speed end installation: Installed at the drive motor shaft end (or gear connection). The advantage of this method is high resolution. Since multi-turn encoders have 4096 turns, and the number of motor rotations is within this range, the full range can be utilized to improve resolution. The disadvantage is that there is gear backlash error during forward and reverse travel after passing through reduction gears. It is generally used for unidirectional high-precision control positioning, such as roll gap control in steel rolling. In addition, if the encoder is directly installed on the high-speed end, motor vibration must be small; otherwise, the encoder is easily damaged. Low-speed end installation: Installed after the reduction gear, such as at the shaft end of a hoist wire rope drum or the last stage of the reduction gear shaft. This method eliminates gear backlash, provides more direct measurement, and offers higher accuracy. This method is generally used for long-distance positioning measurements, such as various lifting equipment and feed cart positioning. Auxiliary mechanical installation: Common methods include rack and pinion, chain and belt, friction wheels, and rope reeling mechanisms.

RLS encoder component differences

From single-turn absolute encoders to multi-turn absolute encoders. For an absolute rotary single-turn absolute encoder, unique codes are obtained by measuring the tracks on the photoelectric code disk during rotation. When rotation exceeds 360 degrees, the code returns to the origin, which does not conform to the principle of unique absolute encoding. Such encoding can only be used for measurements within a rotation range of 360 degrees and is called a single-turn absolute encoder. To measure rotation beyond the 360 degree range, multi-turn absolute encoders are used. Encoder manufacturing employs clockwork gear mechanics. When the central code disk rotates, another set of code disks (or multiple sets of gears and code disks) is driven via gear transmission. This adds turn-count encoding to the single-turn encoding to expand the measurement range of the encoder. Such absolute encoders are called multi-turn absolute encoders. They also determine encoding by mechanical position, ensuring each position code is unique and non-repeating without the need for memory. Another advantage of multi-turn encoders is that due to the large measurement range, there is often considerable margin. Therefore, it is not necessary to struggle to find the zero point during installation; a certain intermediate position can be used as the starting point, greatly simplifying the difficulty of installation and debugging.

RLS encoder signal output

Signal outputs include sine waves (current or voltage), square waves (TTL, HTL), open collector (PNP, NPN), and push-pull types. Among these, TTL is long-line differential drive (symmetrical A, A-; B, B-; Z, Z-). HTL is also known as push-pull output. The interface of the encoder's signal receiving equipment should match the encoder. Signal connection—The encoder's pulse signals are generally connected to counters, PLC, and computers. Modules connecting PLC and computers are divided into low-speed and high-speed modules, with varying switching frequencies. Single-phase connection is used for unidirectional counting and unidirectional speed measurement. A.B two-phase connection is used for forward/reverse counting, direction determination, and speed measurement. A, B, Z three-phase connection is used for position measurement with reference bit correction. Connection of A, A-, B, B-, Z, Z- involves symmetrical negative signals. The electromagnetic field contribution of the current to the cable is 0, resulting in minimal attenuation and optimal anti-interference performance, allowing for longer transmission distances. For encoders with TTL and symmetrical negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 150 meters. For encoders with HTL and symmetrical negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 300 meters.

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