German HARDO Maschinenbau encoder, HARDO Maschinenbau model, HARDO Maschinenbau price

The HARDO Maschinenbau encoder has many optical channel tracks. Each track is arranged sequentially with 2 lines, 4 lines, 8 lines, and 16 lines. In this way, at each position of the encoder, by reading the light and dark states of each track, a unique 2-base code (Gray code) is obtained, ranging from the zeroth power of 2 to the n-1th power of 2. This is called an n-bit absolute encoder. Such encoders use an optical code disk for memory. The absolute encoder determines the code based on mechanical position; it requires no memory, no reference point search, and no continuous counting. The position is read whenever it is needed. This greatly improves the encoder's anti-interference characteristics and data reliability. From single-turn absolute encoders to multi-turn absolute encoders: in a rotary single-turn absolute encoder, the tracks on the optical code disk are measured during rotation to obtain a unique code. When the rotation exceeds 360 degrees, the code returns to the origin, which violates the principle of unique absolute coding. Such coding can only be used for measurements within a rotation range of 360 degrees and is called a single-turn absolute encoder.

HARDO Maschinenbau encoder type classification

Shaft type: Shaft types can be further divided into clamping flange type, synchronous flange type, and servo mount type. Sleeve type: Sleeve types can be further divided into semi-hollow, fully hollow, and large-bore types. Based on working principles, encoders can be classified as photoelectric, magneto-electric, and contact brush types. Based on the code disk marking method, encoders are classified into incremental and absolute types. An incremental encoder converts displacement into periodic electrical signals, which are then converted into counting pulses; the number of pulses represents the magnitude of displacement. Each position of an absolute encoder corresponds to a specific digital code, so its indication depends only on the start and end positions of the measurement, not on the intermediate process. A rotary incremental encoder outputs pulses during rotation, and its position is determined by a counting device. When the encoder is stationary or power is lost, the position is retained by the internal memory of the counting device. Thus, after a power loss, the encoder must not move; during pulse output upon power restoration, there must be no interference causing pulse loss. Otherwise, the zero point memorized by the counting device will shift, and the magnitude of this shift is unknown until erroneous production results occur. The solution is to add a reference point; each time the encoder passes the reference point, the reference position corrects the memorized position in the counting device. Position accuracy cannot be guaranteed before the reference point. Therefore, in industrial control, methods such as finding the reference point for each operation or homing at startup are used. For example, the positioning of printers and scanners uses the principle of incremental encoders; each time they are powered on, a clicking sound is heard as they search for the reference zero point before starting work. This method is troublesome for some industrial control projects and may even be prohibited if accurate position is required immediately after startup. Hence, absolute encoders were developed. Absolute rotary photoelectric encoders are increasingly widely used in various industrial systems for angle, length measurement, and positioning control due to their unique absolute position, anti-interference capability, and lack of need for power-loss memory. The optical code disk of an absolute encoder has many tracks. Each track is arranged sequentially with 2 lines, 4 lines, 8 lines, and 16 lines. In this way, at each position of the encoder, by reading the light and dark states of each track, a unique 2-base code (Gray code) is obtained, ranging from the zeroth power of 2 to the n-1th power of 2. This is called an n-bit absolute encoder. Such encoders are determined by the mechanical position of the code disk and are unaffected by power loss or interference. The uniqueness of each position in an absolute encoder is determined by mechanical position; it requires no memory, no reference point search, and no continuous counting. The position is read whenever it is needed. This greatly improves the encoder's anti-interference characteristics and data reliability. Since absolute encoders are significantly superior to incremental encoders in positioning, they are increasingly used in industrial control positioning. Due to the high precision and large number of output bits of absolute encoders, if parallel output is still used, each bit output signal must ensure good connection, and isolation is required for complex conditions. The large number of cable cores brings inconvenience and reduces reliability. Therefore, for multi-bit output absolute encoders, serial or bus output is generally selected. For absolute encoders produced in Germany, the most common serial output is SSI.

HARDO Maschinenbau encoder working principle

The optical code disk of the series absolute encoder has many optical channel tracks. Each track is arranged sequentially with 2 lines, 4 lines, 8 lines, and 16 lines. At each position of the encoder, by reading the light and dark states of each track, a unique 2-base code (Gray code) is obtained, ranging from the zeroth power of 2 to the n-1th power of 2. This is called an n-bit absolute encoder. Such encoders are determined by the mechanical position of the optical code disk and are unaffected by power loss or interference. The absolute encoder determines the code based on mechanical position; it requires no memory, no reference point search, and no continuous counting. The position is read whenever it is needed. This greatly improves the encoder's anti-interference characteristics and data reliability.

HARDO Maschinenbau encoder signal output

Signal outputs include sine wave (current or voltage), square wave (TTL, HTL), open collector (PNP, NPN), and push-pull types. Among these, TTL is long-line differential drive (symmetrical A, A-; B, B-; Z, Z-). HTL is also known as push-pull output. The interface of the encoder's signal receiving equipment should match the encoder. Signal connection: The encoder's pulse signal is generally connected to counters, PLC, and computers. Modules connecting PLC and computers are divided into low-speed and high-speed modules, with varying switching frequencies. Single-phase connection is used for unidirectional counting and speed measurement. A.B two-phase connection is used for bidirectional counting, direction judgment, and speed measurement. Three-phase connection of A, B, and Z is used for position measurement with reference bit correction. Connection of A, A-, B, B-, Z, Z- involves symmetrical negative signals. The electromagnetic field contribution of the current to the cable is 0, resulting in minimum attenuation and optimal anti-interference, allowing for longer transmission distances. For encoders with TTL symmetrical negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 150 meters. For encoders with HTL symmetrical negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 300 meters.

Weidou Intelligent Technology professionally sells German HARDO Maschinenbau rotary encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau incremental encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau absolute encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau photoelectric encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau magneto-electric encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau shaft encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau sleeve encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau contact brush encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau angle encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau linear encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau digital encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau draw-wire encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau position encoders, HARDO Maschinenbau hollow shaft encoders, and HARDO Maschinenbau spindle encoders. HARDO Maschinenbau products are original imports from Germany. Customers are welcome to inquire and order.