German GIVI MISURE encoder, GIVI MISURE model, GIVI MISURE price

GIVI MISURE encoders use a photoelectric pulse generator synchronized with the spindle, transmitting synchronization via gears on an intermediate shaft in a 1:1 ratio. In CNC lathes, there is no direct mechanical link between spindle rotation and feed motion. To machine threads, the number of pulses given to the feed servo motor must correspond to the spindle speed; the spindle pulse generator links spindle rotation to feed motion. A thread is a continuous series of ridges and grooves with identical cross-sectional profiles, formed along a helix on a cylindrical or conical surface. Threads formed on cylindrical surfaces are called cylindrical threads, and those on conical surfaces are called conical threads. Threads formed on the outer surface of a body of revolution are called external threads, and those on the inner surface are called internal threads. There are many methods for machining threads. When cutting threads on a lathe, the lathe clamps the cylindrical workpiece with a three-jaw chuck and drives it to rotate at a constant speed. The lathe feed mechanism drives the turning tool (standard threading tool) to move in a straight line at a constant speed along the cylinder axis. The tool tip cuts triangular grooves into the workpiece surface to form triangular threads. During thread machining, there is a trajectory start point (A point, i.e., tool engagement point) and a trajectory end point (B point, i.e., tool retraction point). Sufficient acceleration lead-in distance δ and deceleration lead-out distance δˊ are provided in the thread machining trajectory to eliminate pitch errors caused by servo lag.

GIVI MISURE encoder installation and usage

Mechanical installation and usage of absolute rotary encoders: Mechanical installation of absolute rotary encoders includes high-speed end mounting, low-speed end mounting, and auxiliary mechanical device mounting. High-speed end mounting: Installed on the drive motor shaft end (or gear-coupled). The advantage of this method is high resolution. Since multi-turn encoders have 4096 turns, and the motor rotation falls within this range, the full range can be utilized to improve resolution. The disadvantage is gear backlash error during reciprocating motion after passing through reduction gears. It is generally used for unidirectional high-precision positioning control, such as roll gap control in steel rolling. Additionally, if the encoder is directly mounted on the high-speed end, motor vibration must be minimal; otherwise, the encoder is prone to damage. Low-speed end mounting: Installed after the reduction gear, such as on the shaft end of a hoist wire rope drum or the last stage reduction gear shaft end. This method eliminates gear backlash, provides more direct measurement, and offers higher accuracy. This method is generally used for long-distance positioning measurements, such as in various lifting equipment and feeding cart positioning. Auxiliary mechanical installation: Common methods include rack and pinion, chain and belt, friction wheels, and rope winding mechanisms.

Main functions of GIVI MISURE encoders

It is a rotary sensor that converts angular displacement into a series of digital pulse signals. These pulses can be used to control angular displacement. If the encoder is combined with a rack and pinion or a leadscrew, it can also measure linear displacement. After the encoder generates electrical signals, they are processed by numerical control devices CNC, programmable logic controllers PLC, control systems, etc. These sensors are mainly applied in the following areas: machine tools, material processing, motor feedback systems, and measurement and control equipment. In ELTRA encoders, the conversion of angular displacement adopts the principle of optical scanning. The reading system is based on the rotation of a radial code disk, which consists of alternating transparent and opaque windows. The entire system is illuminated vertically by an infrared light source, projecting the image of the disk onto the receiver surface. The receiver is covered with a grating, called a collimator, which has windows identical to those on the code disk. The receiver detects light changes generated by the disk's rotation and converts these light changes into corresponding electrical changes. Generally, a rotary encoder can also obtain a speed signal, which is fed back to the frequency converter to adjust its output data. Fault phenomenon: 1. When the rotary encoder fails (no output), the frequency converter cannot operate normally, running very slowly, and soon triggers protection, displaying "PG disconnected"... Joint action is required for proper operation. To raise the electrical signal to a higher level and generate square wave pulses without interference, electronic circuits must be used for processing. Encoder pg wiring and parameters: The connection method between the vector frequency converter and the encoder pg must correspond to the encoder pg model. Generally, encoder pg models are divided into differential output, open-collector output, and push-pull output. The signal transmission method must consider the interface of the frequency converter pg card, so selecting an appropriate pg card model or setting reasonable parameters is essential. Encoders are generally classified as incremental or absolute. The biggest difference between them is: In the case of incremental encoders, position is determined by counting pulses from a zero mark. In absolute encoders, position is determined by reading the output code. Within one revolution, the output code reading for each position is unique; therefore, when power is disconnected, the absolute encoder does not lose track of the actual position. If power is restored, the position reading remains current and valid, unlike incremental encoders, which must search for the zero mark. Encoder manufacturers produce comprehensive series, usually specialized, such as elevator-specific encoders, machine tool-specific encoders, and servo motor-specific encoders. Furthermore, encoders are intelligent and have various parallel interfaces for communication with other devices. An encoder is a device that converts angular or linear displacement into electrical signals. The former is called a code disk, and the latter a code scale. According to the readout method, encoders can be divided into contact and non-contact types. Contact types use brush outputs, where a brush contacts a conductive or insulating area to indicate whether the code state is "1" or "0". Non-contact types use photosensitive or magnetosensitive elements as sensing components. When using photosensitive elements, transparent and opaque areas indicate whether the code state is "1" or "0". According to working principles, encoders can be divided into incremental and absolute types. Incremental encoders convert displacement into periodic electrical signals, which are then converted into counting pulses, with the number of pulses representing the magnitude of displacement. Each position of an absolute encoder corresponds to a specific digital code, so its indication depends only on the starting and ending positions of the measurement, not on the intermediate process. Rotary incremental encoders output pulses during rotation, and their position is known through counting equipment. When the encoder is stationary or power is lost, the position is remembered by the internal memory of the counting equipment. Thus, after a power loss, the encoder must not move. During operation after power restoration, pulses must not be lost due to interference; otherwise, the zero point remembered by the counting equipment will shift. The amount of this shift is unknown until erroneous production results occur. The solution is to add a reference point. Each time the encoder passes the reference point, the reference position corrects the memory position of the counting equipment. Before the reference point, position accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, in industrial control, methods such as finding the reference point before each operation or homing at startup are used. Such encoders are determined by the mechanical position of the code disk and are unaffected by power loss or interference. Absolute encoders determine the uniqueness of each position by mechanical position. They require no memory, no search for a reference point, and no continuous counting. The position is read whenever it is needed. Thus,the anti-interference characteristics and data reliability of the encoder are greatly improved. Since absolute encoders are significantly superior to incremental encoders in positioning, they are increasingly used in industrial control positioning. Due to the high precision and large number of output bits of absolute encoders, if parallel output is still used, every bit of the output signal must ensure a good connection. For more complex conditions, isolation is also required. The large number of cable cores brings many inconveniences and reduces reliability. Therefore, for multi-bit output absolute encoders, serial output or bus-type output is generally selected. The most common serial output for German-produced absolute encoders is SSI (Synchronous Serial Interface). Multi-turn absolute encoders. Encoder manufacturers apply the principle of clock gear mechanics. When the central code disk rotates, it drives another set of code disks (or multiple sets of gears and code disks) through gear transmission. Based on single-turn encoding, turn-count encoding is added to expand the measurement range of the encoder. Such absolute encoders are called multi-turn absolute encoders. They are also determined by mechanical position, with unique and non-repeating codes for each position, requiring no memory. Another advantage of multi-turn encoders is that the large measurement range often provides ample margin in actual use. Thus, during installation, it is not necessary to struggle to find the zero point; a certain intermediate position can be used as the starting point, greatly simplifying installation and commissioning. Multi-turn absolute encoders have obvious advantages in length positioning and are increasingly used in industrial control positioning.

GIVI MISURE encoder technical specifications

HD encoders, also known as digital encoders, video encoders, HD video encoders, digital TV encoders, network video encoders, or digital video encoders, primarily function to perform digital encoding processing on input digital audio-video signal sources (including HDMI signal sources, SD-SDI signal sources, HD-SDI signal sources). Common encoding methods include MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264, H.265, etc. The signals are encoded into TS stream data suitable for real-time transmission. The data stream is then encapsulated in ASI format or IP format for output to downstream equipment, such as IPQAM modulators, digital TV modulators, digital modulators, and DTMB modulators. The ASI format typically uses BNC interface output. The IP format uses a 1000M Ethernet interface with RJ45 connectors. IP data streams generally support protocols such as TS/HLS/RTSP/FLV/RTMP/UDP/RTP/unicast/multicast.

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