German Euchner encoder Euchner model Euchner price

Euchner encoders convert displacement into periodic electrical signals, which are then converted into counting pulses, with the number of pulses representing the magnitude of displacement. According to their working principle, encoders can be divided into incremental and absolute types. Incremental encoders convert displacement into periodic electrical signals, which are then converted into counting pulses, with the number of pulses representing the magnitude of displacement. An encoder is a device that converts angular or linear displacement into electrical signals. The former is called a code disk, and the latter a code scale. According to the readout method, encoders can be classified into two types: contact and non-contact. Contact types use brush outputs, where a brush contacting a conductive or insulating area indicates whether the code status is "1" or "0"; non-contact types use photosensitive or magnetosensitive elements as receiving sensors. When using photosensitive elements, transparent and opaque areas indicate whether the code status is "1" or "0".

Euchner encoder principle

Optical encoders utilize the principle of grating diffraction to achieve displacement-to-digital conversion. Through photoelectric conversion, they act as sensors that convert mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft into pulse digital quantities. Common optical encoders consist of a grating disk, a light-emitting element, and a photosensitive element. A grating is essentially a disk etched with regular transparent and opaque lines. The luminous flux received by the photosensitive element changes synchronously with the transparent lines. The waveform output from the photosensitive element is shaped into pulse signals, producing one pulse per revolution. Based on pulse changes, equipment displacement can be precisely measured and controlled. Incremental encoders directly utilize the photoelectric conversion principle to output three sets of square wave pulses: phase A, B, and Z. The phase difference between the A and B pulse groups is 90º, allowing easy determination of rotation direction, while the Z phase produces one pulse per revolution for reference point positioning. Its advantages include simple structural design, a mechanical average life of tens of thousands of hours, strong anti-interference capability, high reliability, and suitability for long-distance transmission. Its disadvantage is the inability to output absolute position information of the shaft rotation.

Euchner encoder categories

An absolute encoder is a sensor that directly outputs digital signals. Its circular code disk features several concentric code tracks arranged radially. Each track consists of alternating transparent and opaque sectors. The number of sectors in adjacent tracks follows a double relationship. The number of code tracks on the disk corresponds to the number of bits in its binary code. A light source is located on one side of the disk, and a photosensitive element corresponding to each code track is located on the other side. When the code disk is at different positions, each photosensitive element converts the presence or absence of light into corresponding level signals, forming a binary number. This type of encoder does not require a counter; a fixed digital code corresponding to the position can be read at any position of the rotating shaft. Obviously, the more code tracks there are, the higher the resolution. For an encoder with N-bit binary resolution, its code disk must have N code tracks. Absolute encoders use natural binary or cyclic binary (Gray code) methods for photoelectric conversion. The difference between absolute encoders and incremental encoders lies in the transparent and opaque line patterns on the disk. Absolute encoders can have several coding schemes; the absolute position is detected by reading the code on the disk. Coding designs can adopt binary code, cyclic code, two's complement binary, etc. Its characteristics are: 1.2.1 the absolute value of the angular coordinate can be read directly; 1.2.2 there is no cumulative error; 1.2.3 position information is not lost after power cutoff. However, resolution is determined by the number of binary bits, meaning accuracy depends on the number of bits. Currently, there are various types such as 10-bit and 14-bit.

Euchner encoder signal output

Signal outputs include sine waves (current or voltage), square waves (TTL, HTL), open collector (PNP, NPN), and push-pull types. Among these, TTL refers to long-line differential drive (symmetrical A, A-; B, B-; Z, Z-). HTL is also known as push-pull output. The interface of the encoder's signal receiving equipment should match the encoder. Signal connection: Encoder pulse signals are generally connected to counters, PLC, and computers. Modules connecting PLC and computers are divided into low-speed and high-speed modules, with varying switching frequencies. Single-phase connection is used for unidirectional counting and speed measurement. A.B Two-phase connection is used for forward/reverse counting, direction judgment, and speed measurement. A, B, and Z three-phase connection is used for position measurement with reference bit correction. Connecting A, A-, B, B-, Z, and Z- involves symmetrical negative signals. In this configuration, the electromagnetic field contribution of the current to the cable is 0, resulting in minimal attenuation and optimal anti-interference performance, allowing for longer transmission distances. For encoders with TTL symmetric negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 150 meters. For encoders with HTL symmetric negative signal output, the signal transmission distance can reach 300 meters.

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