German DEUTSCHMANN encoder DEUTSCHMANN model DEUTSCHMANN price

DEUTSCHMANN encoders use a photoelectric pulse generator synchronized with the spindle, transmitting synchronization via gears on an intermediate shaft in a 1:1 ratio. There is no direct mechanical connection between the rotation of the CNC lathe spindle and the feed motion. To machine threads, the number of pulses given to the feed servo motor must correspond to the spindle speed; the spindle pulse generator links spindle rotation to feed motion. A thread is a continuous series of ridges and grooves with the same profile shape, formed along a helix on a cylindrical or conical surface. Threads formed on a cylindrical surface are called cylindrical threads, and those formed on a conical surface are called conical threads. Threads formed on the outer surface of a body of revolution are called external threads, and those formed on the inner surface are called internal threads. There are many methods for machining threads. When threading on a lathe, the lathe clamps the cylindrical workpiece with a three-jaw chuck and drives it to rotate at a constant speed. The lathe feed mechanism drives the cutting tool (standard thread cutting tool) to move in a straight line at a constant speed along the cylinder axis. The tool tip cuts triangular grooves into the workpiece surface to form triangular threads. During thread machining, there is a trajectory start point (A point, i.e., the tool entry point) and a trajectory end point (B point, i.e., the tool exit point). In the thread machining trajectory, sufficient acceleration entry distance δ and deceleration exit distance δˊ are set to ensure thread machining quality and eliminate pitch errors caused by servo lag.

DEUTSCHMANN encoder accuracy

(1) Uses a code disk with 8421 coding. Although relatively simple, strict requirements are placed on the manufacturing and installation of the code disk; otherwise, code errors will occur. When the brush transitions from binary code 0111 to 1000, 7 should change to 8. However, if the brushes do not enter the conductive area simultaneously, any decimal number between 8 and 15 may appear. This results in the non-single-value error mentioned earlier. One solution is to use a cyclic code disk. Due to the characteristics of cyclic code, even if manufacturing and installation are inaccurate, the maximum error is only one bit in the least significant position. Therefore, using a cyclic code disk offers higher accuracy than using an 8421 code disk. (2) Scanning method. There are three types of scanning: V scanning, U scanning, and M scanning. A single brush is installed on the least significant bit track, while two brushes are installed on all other bit tracks: one brush is located before the measured position, called the leading brush; the other is placed after the measured position, called the lagging brush. If the incremental width of the effective bit on the least significant bit track is z, then the distances corresponding to the brushes for each bit are 1x, 2x, 4x, 8x, etc. Thus, at each definite position, the output level of the least significant bit brush reflects its true value. Since there are two brushes for higher bits, two levels are output. Based on the brush distribution and encoding change rules, to read the level value corresponding to the high-order binary code reflecting that position: when the lower-level track brush truly outputs "1", the true output of the higher-level track must be read from the lagging brush; if the lower-level track brush truly outputs "0", the true output of the higher-level track must be read from the leading brush. Since there is only one brush on the least significant bit track, its output represents the true position. This method is the V scanning method.

DEUTSCHMANN encoder main functions

It is a rotary sensor that converts rotational displacement into a series of digital pulse signals. These pulses can be used to control angular displacement. If the encoder is combined with a rack and pinion or a lead screw, it can also be used to measure linear displacement. After the encoder generates electrical signals, they are processed by numerical control devices CNC, programmable logic controllers PLC, control systems, etc. These sensors are mainly applied in the following areas: machine tools, material processing, motor feedback systems, and measurement and control equipment. In ELTRA encoders, the conversion of angular displacement adopts the principle of photoelectric scanning. The reading system is based on the rotation of a radial graduated disk, which consists of alternating transparent and opaque windows. The entire system is illuminated vertically by an infrared light source, projecting the image on the disk onto the surface of a receiver. The receiver is covered with a grating, called a collimator, which has windows identical to those on the disk. The receiver detects light changes generated by the disk's rotation and converts these light changes into corresponding electrical changes. Generally, a rotary encoder can also obtain a speed signal, which is fed back to the frequency converter to adjust its output data. Fault phenomenon: 1. When the rotary encoder fails (no output), the frequency converter cannot operate normally, running very slowly, and soon triggers frequency converter protection, displaying "PG disconnected"... Joint action is required for proper function. To raise the electrical signal to a higher level and generate square wave pulses without interference, electronic circuits must be used for processing. Encoder pg wiring and parameters: The connection method between the vector frequency converter and the encoder pg must correspond to the encoder pg model. Generally, encoder pg models are divided into three types: differential output, open-collector output, and push-pull output. The signal transmission method must consider the interface of the frequency converter's pg card, so selecting an appropriate pg card model or setting reasonable parameters is essential. Encoders are generally classified as incremental or absolute. The biggest difference between them is: in the case of incremental encoders, the position is determined by counting pulses starting from a zero mark, whereas the position of an absolute encoder is determined by reading the output code. Within one revolution, the reading of the output code for each position is unique; therefore, when power is disconnected, the absolute encoder does not lose track of the actual position. If power is restored, the position reading remains current and valid; unlike incremental encoders, it is not necessary to search for the zero mark. Encoder manufacturers produce comprehensive series, usually specialized, such as elevator-specific encoders, machine tool-specific encoders, and servo motor-specific encoders. Furthermore, encoders are intelligent and have various parallel interfaces for communication with other devices. An encoder is a device that converts angular or linear displacement into electrical signals. The former is called a code disk, and the latter a code scale. According to the reading method, encoders can be divided into contact and non-contact types. Contact types use brush output, where a brush contacts a conductive or insulating area to indicate whether the code status is "1" or "0". Non-contact types use photosensitive or magnetosensitive elements as sensing components. When using photosensitive elements, transparent and opaque areas indicate whether the code status is "1" or "0". According to working principles, encoders can be divided into incremental and absolute types. Incremental encoders convert displacement into periodic electrical signals, which are then converted into counting pulses, with the number of pulses representing the magnitude of displacement. Each position of an absolute encoder corresponds to a specific digital code, so its indication depends only on the starting and ending positions of the measurement, not on the intermediate process. Rotary incremental encoders output pulses during rotation, and their position is known through counting equipment. When the encoder is stationary or power is lost, the position is remembered by the internal memory of the counting equipment. Thus, after a power loss, the encoder must not move. During operation after power restoration, pulses must not be lost due to interference; otherwise, the zero point memorized by the counting equipment will shift, and the amount of this shift is unknown until erroneous production results appear. The solution is to add a reference point. Each time the encoder passes the reference point, the reference position corrects the memorized position in the counting equipment. Before the reference point, position accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, in industrial control, methods such as finding the reference point before each operation or homing at startup are used. Such encoders are determined by the mechanical position of the code disk and are unaffected by power loss or interference. Absolute encoders determine the uniqueness of each position by mechanical position, requiring no memory, no search for a reference point, and no continuous counting. The position is read whenever it is needed. Thus,the anti-interference characteristics and data reliability of the encoder are greatly improved. Since absolute encoders are significantly superior to incremental encoders in positioning, they are increasingly used in industrial control positioning. Due to the high precision of absolute encoders and the large number of output bits, if parallel output is still used, every bit of the output signal must ensure a good connection. For more complex conditions, isolation is also required. The large number of cable cores brings many inconveniences and reduces reliability. Therefore, for multi-bit output absolute encoders, serial output or bus-type output is generally selected. The most common serial output for German-produced absolute encoders is SSI (Synchronous Serial Interface). Multi-turn absolute encoders. Encoder manufacturers apply the principle of clock gear mechanics. When the central code disk rotates, another set of code disks (or multiple sets of gears and code disks) is driven via gear transmission. Encoding for the number of revolutions is added to the single-turn encoding to expand the measuring range of the encoder. Such absolute encoders are called multi-turn absolute encoders. They are also determined by mechanical position, with unique and non-repeating codes for each position, requiring no memory. Another advantage of multi-turn encoders is that the large measuring range often provides considerable margin in practical use. Thus, during installation, it is not necessary to struggle to find the zero point; a certain intermediate position can be used as the starting point, greatly simplifying installation and commissioning. Multi-turn absolute encoders have obvious advantages in length positioning and are increasingly used in industrial control positioning.

DEUTSCHMANN encoder technical specifications

HD encoders, also known as digital encoders, video encoders, HD video encoders, digital TV encoders, network video encoders, or digital video encoders, primarily function to perform digital encoding processing on input digital audio-video signal sources (including HDMI signal sources, SD-SDI signal sources, HD-SDI signal sources). Common encoding methods include MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264, H.265, etc. The signals are encoded into TS stream data suitable for real-time transmission. The data stream is then encapsulated in ASI format or IP format for output to downstream equipment, such as IPQAM modulators, digital TV modulators, digital modulators, and DTMB modulators. The ASI format is typically output via BNC interfaces, while the IP format uses a 1000M Ethernet interface with RJ45 connectors. IP data streams generally support protocols such as TS/HLS/RTSP/FLV/RTMP/UDP/RTP/unicast/multicast.

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