German vdf springs vdf models vdf prices

vdf springs are helical springs that withstand compressive forces. The cross-section of the material used is mostly circular, but rectangular sections and multi-strand steel wires are also used. Springs generally have uniform pitch. Shapes of compression springs include cylindrical, conical, barrel-shaped (convex), hourglass-shaped (concave), and a small number of non-circular shapes. There is a certain gap between the coils of a compression spring. When subjected to external loads, the spring contracts and deforms, storing strain energy. Compression springs provide resistance to external compressive loads. Compression springs are generally wound with uniform pitch from metal wire and have a fixed wire diameter. Compression springs use multiple open coils to provide resistance to external pressure (such as gravity pressing down on wheels, or body weight pressing on a mattress). That is, they push back to resist external pressure. Compression springs are generally wound with uniform pitch from metal wire and have a fixed wire diameter. In addition, there are conical compression springs, or springs combining conical and straight sections. Depending on the application area, compression springs can be used to resist pressure and/or store energy. Round wire is the most commonly used for compression springs, but compression springs are also made from square, rectangular, and specially shaped wire.

vdf spring classification

1) Based on the characteristics of the load during operation, helical springs can be divided into three types: compression, extension, and torsion; 2) Based on structural characteristics, they can be divided into two main categories: cylindrical helical springs and variable-diameter helical springs; variable-diameter helical springs mainly withstand compressive loads; 3) Based on shape characteristics, they can be divided into conical, volute, concave (hourglass), and convex (barrel) shapes. 4) In terms of production and use, helical springs can also be divided into two categories based on forming method and material diameter: large helical springs and small helical springs; the former are usually hot-formed, while the latter are cold-formed. 5) Other classifications: There are many types of helical springs. By appearance, they can be divided into: ordinary cylindrical helical springs; variable-diameter helical springs. By the direction of the helix, they can be divided into: left-hand springs; right-hand springs. Variable-diameter helical springs are divided into: conical helical springs, volute helical springs, and concave (hourglass) helical springs. Cylindrical helical springs have a simple structure, are easy to manufacture, and are the most widely used. Their characteristic curve is linear, and they can serve as compression springs, extension springs, and torsion springs. When the load is large and radial dimensions are limited, two compression springs with different diameters can be nested together to form a combination spring.

vdf spring materials

Disc springs are mostly manufactured using cold-rolled or hot-rolled strip steel, plate steel, or forged blanks (forging ratio not less than 3). The materials commonly used are spring steels such as 60S2MA and 50CVA. For thicknesses less than 1.1, high-carbon steel can also be used. Performance requirements for disc spring materials include high ultimate strength, yield limit, elastic limit, and fatigue limit after heat treatment, along with high impact toughness, plasticity, and the highest possible yield-to-tensile strength ratio. To meet these performance requirements, high-quality cold-rolled or hot-rolled steel strips or plates are widely used domestically and internationally. For disc springs with a thickness greater than 6 mm, forged blanks are used. The steel grades are mainly medium-carbon low-alloy spring steels (silicon-manganese or chromium-vanadium spring steels) and high-quality carbon spring steels. Due to the high silicon-manganese content and low chromium-vanadium availability in China, disc springs mainly use 60Si2MnA. Comparing the two, 50CrVA has better hardenability, temper stability, and impact toughness than 60Si2MnA, but 50CrVA is more expensive and suitable for applications with high fatigue requirements.

vdf spring features

Suspensions using torsion bar springs have lighter mass, simpler structures, and do not require lubrication. By adjusting the installation angle of the fixed end of the torsion bar spring, automatic adjustment of vehicle body height is easily achieved. Torsion bar springs store greater elastic energy per unit volume and have low mass. Compared to helical springs, torsion bar springs have a compact structure and are easy to arrange. Torsion bar springs are widely used in off-road vehicles, light passenger cars, and trucks. Based on cross-sectional shape, torsion bar springs can be divided into circular, tubular, and leaf types. Solid circular torsion bars have a simple structure and are the most commonly used. To assemble the torsion bar, both ends are machined into splines, hexagonal, square, etc. Since spline end dimensions are relatively small, spline connections are mostly used. Generally, the major diameter of the spline is 1.2 to 1.3 times the working diameter of the torsion bar, and the spline length is approximately 1.4 times the major diameter of the spline. As long as the crushing stress on the spline teeth is within permissible limits, the spline teeth should not be excessively long. Torsion bar springs generally use involute splines according to GB3478. The JSB2705 standard recommends a standard pressure angle of 45° for splines, with modules of 1mm and 0.75mm. To facilitate the assembly of torsion bar springs, some designs feature unequal diameters for the splines at both ends, or a blind tooth is machined onto the spline teeth at both ends.

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