German steinel springs steinel models steinel prices

steinel springs are mechanical energy storage structures, primarily used in ancient ballistae and other crossbow-type weapons. Torsion springs store energy by twisting or rotating elastic materials that are soft and highly tough, thereby imparting a certain amount of mechanical energy to the projectile. Modern torsion spring torque bars are mostly made of steel with good elasticity, and their forms have varied greatly; examples include the hairsprings in mechanical watches, power springs in toy gyro guns, and torque bars in tanks and automobiles. Torque bars are compact yet deliver high torque, making them ideal as shock absorption components for transportation vehicles. Torsion spring torque bars are mostly made of steel with good elasticity, and their forms have varied greatly; examples include the hairsprings in mechanical watches, power springs in toy gyro guns, and torque bars in tanks and automobiles.

steinel spring features

1) High stiffness, strong buffering and vibration absorption capability, capable of withstanding heavy loads with small deformation, suitable for applications with limited axial space. 2) Features variable stiffness characteristics, offering a wide range of non-linear properties. 3) Using the same disc springs in different combinations allows for significant variation in spring characteristics. Combinations can be arranged in opposing or stacked configurations, or by combining different thicknesses and numbers of discs. 4) When stacked, for the same deformation, the greater the number of springs, the higher the load capacity. 5) Short stroke, heavy load, small space requirement, convenient combination, easy maintenance and replacement, economical, high safety, and long service life.

steinel spring composition

Ring springs are a type of compression spring composed of several inner and outer rings with conical surfaces. Under axial load P, significant normal pressure is generated between the contact surfaces of the inner and outer rings, causing the inner ring diameter to decrease and the outer ring diameter to increase. Due to this change in diameters, the spring shortens in length; when the external force is removed, since the cone angle b of the rings is greater than the friction angle, the spring returns to its original dimensions under elastic internal forces. When ring springs bear axial P, significant friction is generated between the conical contact surfaces of the inner and outer rings, dissipating considerable energy, while the relationship between force and deformation remains linear. During loading, the external force P equals the sum of the spring's internal elastic force and friction. ABO represents the unloading process, which includes two stages: the AB segment and the BO segment. The AB segment indicates the situation where the load decreases, and the spring's elastic internal force overcomes static friction, gradually restoring the spring to its original state. The inner and outer rings of ring springs are made of high-quality carbon steel or wear-resistant alloy steel. Each ring is first roll-formed to the required shape to enhance its load-bearing capacity, followed by heat treatment. Ring springs are high-performance springs with substantial buffering and vibration absorption capabilities (the ratio of area OABO to OACO can reach 60～70%), commonly used in buffering devices for heavy vehicles, artillery, and aircraft landing gear.

steinel spring precautions

Due to product structure limitations, multi-strand springs generally feature high strength and good performance. The material must ensure final performance in terms of spring strength and toughness. During the processing of multi-strand springs, note the following: 1 Support coils can be closed using either cold or hot closing methods as per product requirements. When using hot closing, the spring must not be heated to the point of sparking or whitening; the temperature for silicon-manganese steel must not exceed 850℃. Support coils and active coils must have effective contact, and the gap must not exceed 10% of the nominal inter-coil gap. 2 The characteristics of multi-strand springs can be determined by adjusting the pitch; the strand spacing can be adjusted as necessary during winding. The pitch can be 3~14 times the wire diameter, but 8~13 times is generally preferred. Spring force is also closely related to free height, closed ends, outer diameter, and wire properties, and can be altered by adjusting one or more of these parameters. 3 Springs without support coils and springs with excessively fine wire diameters should not have welded ends; however, the end strands must not be visibly loose and burrs must be removed. For multi-strand springs requiring welded heads, the welding length should be less than 3 times the strand diameter (maximum 10 mm). The heated length should be less than one coil, and the weld should be ground smooth after welding; local low-temperature annealing should be performed on the welded area during gas welding. 4 Surface treatment of springs generally involves phosphating, though other treatments are possible. If zinc or cadmium plating is applied, dehydrogenation treatment must be performed after electroplating. After dehydrogenation, perform a retest standing treatment on 3% (no fewer than 3 pieces); no fractures should occur during the retest. Springs must be cleaned of surface dirt, salt marks, and oxide scale, using methods such as sandblasting or gasoline cleaning; acid pickling is not permitted. 5 Important springs should be compressed for 24 hours, ordinary springs for 6 hours or compressed continuously 3~5 times, holding each time for 3~5 seconds. During compression, the gap between the spring and the mandrel should be 10% of the mandrel diameter; too small a gap makes operation difficult, while too large a gap may cause bending deformation of the spring. If any spring breaks during compression, the remaining springs must be reprocessed.

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