German richard bergner springs, richard bergner models, richard bergner prices

richard bergner springs are conical disc-shaped. They can be used individually or in series or parallel combinations. They withstand static or dynamic axial loads at the upper inner edge and lower outer edge. Upon compression, they deform until flattened, storing energy as a live load. When necessary, they automatically convert into additional compressive load required for sealing, reducing the continuous tightening requirements for gaskets and packing. Disc springs are special springs that are conical in the axial direction and bear loads. After deforming under load, they store potential energy. When bolts loosen, the disc spring releases part of the potential energy to maintain pressure in the flange connection to meet sealing requirements. The stress distribution of disc springs decreases uniformly from the inside out, achieving high compensation force with low travel.

richard bergner spring influencing factors

Springback includes angular springback and curvature springback, resulting from the combined effect of springback in the bending deformation zone and the non-deformation zone. Many factors influence springback, mainly: (1) mechanical properties of the material σs, Eo the higher the σs, the smaller the E value, the greater the bending springback; (2) degree of deformation r/t. Under identical conditions, angular springback increases with increasing r/t value; curvature springback decreases with increasing r/t value; (3) bending central angle α o a larger bending central angle α results in a larger springback angle; (4) die clearance Z. Larger clearance between punch and die results in greater springback; (5) bending method. Free bending has large springback, corrected bending has smaller springback, and full-form upsetting calibration bending has the smallest springback; (6) workpiece shape and material microstructure state. Complex shapes with more mutual constraints have smaller springback, while cold work hardening leads to greater springback; (7) die structure and magnitude of blank holder force. Greater blank holder force results in smaller springback after bending.

richard bergner spring materials

Disc springs are mostly manufactured from cold-rolled or hot-rolled strip steel, plate steel, or forged blanks (forging ratio not less than 3). Common materials include spring steels such as 60S2MA and 50CVA. For thicknesses less than 1.1, high-carbon steel can also be used. Performance requirements for disc spring materials dictate that after heat treatment, they must possess high ultimate strength, yield limit, elastic limit, and fatigue limit, while also requiring high impact toughness, plasticity, and the highest possible yield ratio. To meet these performance criteria, high-quality cold-rolled or hot-rolled steel strips or plates are widely used domestically and internationally. For disc springs with thickness greater than 6 mm, forged blanks are used. The steel grades are primarily medium-carbon low-alloy spring steels (silicon-manganese or chromium-vanadium spring steels) and high-quality carbon spring steels. Due to the high silicon-manganese content and low chromium-vanadium content in China, disc springs mainly use 60Si2MnA. Comparing the two, 50CrVA has better hardenability, temper stability, and impact toughness than 60Si2MnA, but 50CrVA is more expensive and suitable for applications with high fatigue requirements.

richard bergner spring classification

1) Standard disc springs, trapezoidal cross-section disc springs, conical trapezoidal cross-section. Disc springs: Simple shape and structure, widely applied. They can be used individually, in opposed pairs, nested stacks, or composite groups to form disc spring assemblies. They withstand static or variable loads and are used in heavy machinery, aircraft, artillery, and other weapons as powerful buffer and vibration-damping springs. 2) Diaphragm springs: Mainly used in automotive clutches, functioning through separation fingers and disc spring components. 3) Wave washers: Widely used in mechanical seals, further developable into spiral wave springs. 4) Slotted disc springs: Typically used in clutches, such as those in lathes, automobiles, and tractors. 5) Circular plate disc springs: Circular plate cross-section, deforming into a truncated cone shape under load. Simple structure, high stiffness, used for special requirement applications. 6) Spiral disc springs: Possess dual characteristics of disc springs and helical springs, allowing for different stiffness requirements. 7) Wave cylindrical springs (wave springs): Formed by overlapping wave washers into a cylindrical shape, allowing for large deformation.

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