German cefeg springs cefeg models cefeg prices

cefeg springs are mechanical energy storage structures, primarily used in ancient ballistae and other crossbow-type weapons. Torsion springs store energy by twisting or rotating elastic materials that are soft and highly tough, thereby imparting a certain amount of mechanical energy to the projectile. Modern torsion spring torque bars are mostly made of steel with good elasticity, and their forms have varied greatly; examples include the hairsprings in mechanical watches, power springs in toy gyro guns, and torque bars in tanks and automobiles. Torque bars are compact yet provide high torque, making them ideal as shock absorption components for transportation vehicles. Torsion spring torque bars are mostly made of steel with good elasticity, and their forms have varied greatly; examples include the hairsprings in mechanical watches, power springs in toy gyro guns, and torque bars in tanks and automobiles.

cefeg spring mechanical principles

Ring springs consist of outer rings with inner conical surfaces mating with inner rings with outer conical surfaces. The number of outer ring pairs is determined by the magnitude of the load and deformation requirements. Ring springs are commonly used in applications where space is limited but strong buffering is required. A ring spring comprises many pairs of inner and outer rings; if damaged or worn, it is not necessary to replace all components, only the individual failed rings need to be replaced, making repair relatively easy and economical. Due to the significant friction on the contact surfaces when the outer and inner rings slide relative to each other along the mating cones, the axial force during loading is balanced by surface pressure and friction. This effectively reduces the effect of the axial load, i.e., increases the spring stiffness. During unloading, friction hinders the recovery of the spring's elastic deformation, thus effectively reducing the spring force. The characteristic curve of a ring spring during one loading and unloading cycle is OABO; without the effect of friction, it would be OC. During unloading, the characteristic curve starts from point B, rather than from point E, due to the reduction caused by spring elastic hysteresis. Ring spring: A spring composed of alternating stacked washer-like spring steel rings, where outer rings have an inner conical surface and an outer cylindrical surface, and inner rings have an inner cylindrical surface and an outer conical surface. The number of pairs of inner and outer rings in a ring spring is determined based on the magnitude of the load it bears and the deformation requirements.

cefeg spring structure and principles

A torsion bar spring itself is a torsion bar made of spring steel. The cross-section of the torsion bar is typically circular, with fewer instances being tubular or rectangular. Its ends can be shaped as splines, square, hexagonal, or cylindrical with flat sides, to allow one end to be fixed to the vehicle frame and the other end to the suspension arm, which is connected to the wheel. One end of the torsion bar spring is fixed to the frame, and the other end is connected to the wheel via the suspension arm. When the wheel encounters an obstacle on the ground and jumps upward, the wheel drives the suspension arm to rotate around the torsion bar axis by a certain angle, causing the torsion bar to undergo torsional deformation (elastic deformation). Meanwhile, the elastic potential energy stored in the torsional deformation of the torsion bar is released when the wheel leaves the obstacle, allowing the force transmission mechanism and the wheel to return to position quickly. During the manufacture of torsion bar springs, the torsion bar is pre-twisted to create a permanent torsional deformation, giving it a certain prestress. The direction of the applied pre-torsion is the same as the direction of torsion when the torsion bar operates on the vehicle, with the aim of reducing actual stress during operation and extending service life. Note that left and right torsion bars are not interchangeable.

cefeg spring precautions

Due to product structure limitations, multi-strand springs generally feature high strength and good performance. The material must guarantee final performance in terms of spring strength and toughness. During the processing of multi-strand springs, note the following: 1 Support coils can be cold-wound or hot-wound according to product requirements. When using hot winding, the spring must not be heated to the point of sparking or turning white; the temperature for silicon-manganese steel must not exceed 850 ℃. Support coils must make effective contact with active coils, and the gap must not exceed 10% of the nominal inter-coil gap. 2 The characteristics of multi-strand springs can be determined by adjusting the lead; the pitch can be adjusted as necessary during winding. The pitch can be 3 to 14 times the wire diameter, but generally 8 to 13 times is preferred. Spring force is also closely related to free height, closed ends, outer diameter, and wire properties, and can be changed by adjusting one or several of these parameters. 3 Springs without support coils and springs with excessively thin wire diameters should not have welded ends, but the cable ends must not be obviously loose and burrs should be removed. For multi-strand springs requiring welded heads, the welding length should be less than 3 times the cable diameter (maximum not exceeding 10 mm). The heating length should be less than one coil, and the weld should be smoothed after welding; local low-temperature annealing should be performed on the welded area during gas welding. 4 Surface treatment of springs generally involves phosphating, but other treatments are also possible. If zinc or cadmium plating is applied, hydrogen embrittlement relief treatment must be performed after electroplating. After hydrogen relief, perform a pull test on 3% (no fewer than 3 pieces) followed by a standing setting test; no fractures should occur during the retest. Springs must be cleaned of surface dirt, salt marks, and oxide scale, using methods such as sandblasting or gasoline cleaning, but acid pickling must not be used. 5 Important springs should be compressed for 24 hours, ordinary springs for 6 hours or compressed continuously 3 to 5 times, holding for 3 to 5 seconds each time. During compression, the gap between the spring and the mandrel should ideally be 10% of the mandrel diameter; too small a gap makes operation difficult, while too large a gap easily causes bending deformation of the spring. If one spring breaks during compression, the others must be reprocessed.

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