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hug seals are a type of friction seal or stuffing box used to prevent liquid leakage between the shaft and bearing of compressors or other fluid handling equipment. They are also sealing devices designed to prevent leakage at the pump shaft and housing. Common types of shaft seals include packing seals, mechanical seals, and hydrodynamic seals. The shaft seal of a reciprocating pump is typically a packing seal. When transporting media where leakage is not permitted, a diaphragm reciprocating pump can be used. The shaft seals of rotary pumps (including vane pumps, rotor pumps, etc.) mainly consist of packing seals, mechanical seals, and hydrodynamic seals.

hug seal principle

An oil film controlled by the oil seal lip edge exists between the oil seal and the shaft, and this oil film has fluid lubrication characteristics. Under the action of liquid surface tension, the stiffness of the oil film causes it to form a meniscus at the end where it contacts the air, preventing the leakage of the working medium and thereby achieving sealing of the rotating shaft. The sealing capability of an oil seal depends on the thickness of the oil film on the sealing surface; if the thickness is too great, the oil seal will leak; if the thickness is too small, dry friction may occur, causing wear on the oil seal and shaft; if there is no oil film between the sealing lip and the shaft, it is easy to cause heating and wear. Therefore, during installation, some oil must be applied to the sealing ring, and it must be ensured that the skeleton oil seal is perpendicular to the shaft centerline. If it is not perpendicular, the sealing lip of the oil seal will wipe the lubricating oil off the shaft, which will also lead to excessive wear of the sealing lip. During operation, it is ideal for a slight amount of lubricant to seep out from within the housing to achieve the formation of an oil film at the sealing surface.

hug seal applications

Skeleton oil seals are widely used in industries such as aviation, automotive, motorcycles, railways, vehicles, ships, home appliances, and construction machinery. They are suitable for sealing in rotary and reciprocating motion. They are installed on various heavy-duty engines, gearboxes, axles, ships, cylinders, and other components. Their main function is to prevent the penetration of sealed media (gas, liquid) and the entry of external foreign matter into the body. Precautions: The pressure-bearing range of ordinary oil seals is very limited, generally 0.03 MPa. This pressure is usually formed by the height difference of the lubricating oil itself. If higher pressure sealing is required, high-pressure oil seals should be selected (generally capable of withstanding up to 1 MPa pressure) or other sealing forms should be chosen.

hug seal specifications and uses

1) Ordinary single-lip type: Generally used for sealing mineral oil, water, and other media in high- and low-speed rotating shafts and reciprocating motion. Ordinary oil seals are used in environments with less dust and impurities, resistant to medium pressure< 0.05MPa conditions, maximum linear speed 15m/s, reciprocating motion speed< 0.1m/s. 2) Ordinary double-lip type: In addition to the usage characteristics of the above-mentioned S type oil seals, they can also provide dust protection. Ordinary oil seals with a dust lip can prevent dust ingress, resistant to medium pressure< 0.05MPa conditions, linear speed ≤ 15m/s. 3) Springless type: Single-lip inner-skeleton rubber oil seal without a spring. Generally suitable for low-speed operating conditions where the sealing medium is lubricating grease. Linear speed ≤ 6m/s. 4) Outer-skeleton single-lip type: Single-lip outer-skeleton rubber oil seal with a spring, featuring a thin waist, good followability, and good rigidity. Ordinary oil seals are used in environments with less dust and impurities, resistant to medium pressure< 0.05MPa conditions. Cases where the rotational axis linear speed is ≤ 15m/s. 5) Outer-skeleton double-lip type: Double-lip outer-skeleton rubber oil seal with a secondary lip, featuring a thin waist, good followability, high rigidity, and good concentricity. Ordinary oil seals with a dust lip can prevent dust ingress, resistant to medium pressure< 0.05MPa conditions. Rotational speed ≤ 15m/s. 6) Assembled single-lip type: Outer-skeleton oil seal formed by assembling inner and outer skeletons with rolled edges, featuring high installation precision, fast heat dissipation, and heavy-load characteristics. Suitable for heavy-load operating conditions under high temperature and high speed, medium pressure ≤ 0.05MPa, maximum linear speed ≤ 15m/s. 7) Unidirectional return flow type (right-hand, left-hand): Angled diagonal ribs are manufactured on the air side of the lip, utilizing hydrodynamic principles to generate a unidirectional pumping action with a return flow effect. Related to the rotation direction of the shaft, due to the return flow effect, the radial force is smaller than that of ordinary oil seals, reducing wear and heat generation, and extending service life. Suitable for medium pressure< 0.05MPa conditions, rotational speed ≤ 20m/s. 8) Pressure-resistant type: Short lip and short, thick waist, providing pressure resistance, working pressure ≤ 3MPa. Suitable for occasions where medium pressure ≤ 3MPa, applicable as shaft end oil seals for high-pressure pumps. Under normal circumstances, the PV value ≤ 8. Rotational axis linear speed ≤ 15m/s.

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