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EMHART seals are typical representatives of oil seals; generally, the term "oil seal" refers to skeleton oil seals. The function of an oil seal is generally to isolate components requiring lubrication in transmission parts from the external environment, preventing lubricating oil leakage. The skeleton acts like reinforcing steel in concrete components, providing reinforcement and enabling the oil seal to maintain its shape and tension. According to structural form, they can be divided into single-lip skeleton oil seals and double-lip skeleton oil seals. The secondary lip of a double-lip skeleton oil seal serves a dust-proof function, preventing external dust, impurities, etc., from entering the machine interior. According to skeleton type, they can be divided into inner-covered skeleton oil seals, exposed skeleton oil seals, and assembled oil seals. According to operating conditions, they can be divided into rotary skeleton oil seals and reciprocating skeleton oil seals. Used for gasoline engine crankshafts, diesel engine crankshafts, gearboxes, differentials, shock absorbers, engines, axles, and other parts.

EMHART seal principle

A mechanical seal is a shaft sealing device that achieves leak prevention by keeping one or several pairs of end faces, which slide relative to each other perpendicular to the shaft, in contact under the action of fluid pressure and the elastic force (or magnetic force) of the compensation mechanism, supplemented by auxiliary seals. The common mechanical seal structure consists of components such as the stationary ring (static ring), rotating ring (dynamic ring), elastic element spring seat, set screws, rotating ring auxiliary sealing ring, and stationary ring auxiliary sealing ring. An anti-rotation pin is fixed to the pressure cover to prevent the stationary ring from rotating. The rotating ring and stationary ring can also be referred to as compensation rings or non-compensation rings depending on whether they have axial compensation capability.

EMHART seal system composition

1) Gland housing: In the past, gland housings used for mechanical seals were stuffing boxes designed for soft packing seals. They are not suitable for housing mechanical seals, not only because the dimensions are too small and the clearances too narrow, but also because the simple cylindrical shape is inappropriate. Standards for enlarged mechanical seal gland housings have been established abroad. In addition, Durametallic Corporation in the United States and the Fluid Sealing Association (formerly part of the British Hydromechanics Research Group) are studying rational mechanical seal gland housings whose shapes should not only facilitate fluid flow and heat dissipation, but also help remove solid particles, thereby providing a favorable environment for the seal. 2) Volatile emission control system: In the past, attention was focused only on eliminating visible fluid leaks, while neglecting the control of invisible volatile emissions, resulting in environmental pollution and posing hazards to equipment and personnel. Abroad, for example, the Sealing Technology Committee of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE) in the United States has developed guidelines for controlling volatile emissions from rotating machinery, compressors, and screw systems equipped with mechanical seals, covering SP-30 (1994), SP-32 (1990), and SP-33 (1991). SP-30 is implemented in three stages. It clearly defines barrier fluids and buffer fluids, clarifying erroneous and confusing concepts. A barrier fluid is introduced between dual seals to completely block process fluid from leaking into the surrounding environment. The pressure of the barrier fluid is always higher than that of the sealed process fluid. A buffer fluid is used between dual seals as a lubricant or cushioning agent; its pressure is always lower than that of the sealed process fluid. 3) Integration of auxiliary systems: Auxiliary systems for mechanical seals require integration of cooling, heating, flushing, and other subsystems; pump circulation needs optimization; and issues such as condition monitoring systems are being studied and resolved. The integration of auxiliary systems is specified in the API-682 standard. 4) Gas barrier seal system: In the past, liquid-blocking-liquid or liquid-blocking-gas configurations were commonly used in barrier seal systems. To simplify bulky barrier liquid systems, barrier gases are now used to block liquids or gases. In gas barrier seal systems, spiral groove gas seals with barrier gas, floating bushings with barrier gas, and other arrangements can be employed to seal against gases and liquids.

EMHART seal installation and shutdown

1) Before startup, keep the seal chamber filled with liquid. When transporting solidifying media, use steam to heat the seal chamber to melt the medium. Manual rotation must be performed before startup to prevent sudden startup from causing the soft ring to shatter. 2) For mechanical seals utilizing an external seal oil system, start the seal oil system first. Stop the seal oil system last after shutdown. 3) After stopping a hot oil pump, do not immediately stop the cooling water for the seal oil chamber and face seal. Wait until the oil temperature at the face seal drops below 80 degrees before stopping the cooling water to avoid damaging seal components.

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