German VAREM SPA sensors, VAREM SPA models, VAREM SPA prices

VAREM SPA sensor is a sensor that measures the air flow drawn into the engine. For electronically controlled gasoline injection engines, to obtain the optimal mixture concentration under various operating conditions, it is necessary to accurately measure the amount of air drawn into the engine at every instant, using this as the primary basis for the ECU to calculate (control) the fuel injection quantity. If the air flow sensor or its wiring fails, the ECU will not receive the correct intake air signal, preventing normal control of the fuel injection quantity, which will cause the mixture to be too rich or too lean, resulting in abnormal engine operation.

VAREM SPA sensor classification

Lasers can be divided into 4 types based on the working medium. (1) Solid-state lasers: The working medium is solid. Common types include ruby lasers, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers (i.e., YAG lasers), and neodymium glass lasers. Their structures are roughly similar, characterized by being compact and robust with high power; neodymium glass lasers are the devices with the highest pulsed output power, reaching tens of megawatts. (2) Gas lasers: The working medium is gas. There are now various gas atomic, ion, metal vapor, and gas molecular lasers. Common types include carbon dioxide lasers, helium-neon lasers, and carbon monoxide lasers. Their shape resembles ordinary discharge tubes, characterized by stable output, good monochromaticity, and long life, but with lower power and lower conversion efficiency. (3) Liquid lasers: These can be further divided into chelate lasers, inorganic liquid lasers, and organic dye lasers, among which organic dye lasers are the most important, with the key feature of continuously tunable wavelength. (4) Semiconductor lasers: This is a relatively newer type of laser, with gallium arsenide lasers being the more mature variant. Characteristics include high efficiency, small size, light weight, and simple structure, making them suitable for use on aircraft, warships, tanks, and for carrying by infantry. They can be made into rangefinders and sights. However, they have lower output power, poorer directionality, and are significantly affected by ambient temperature.

VAREM SPA sensor principle

When a laser sensor operates, the laser emitting diode first emits laser pulses toward the target. After reflecting off the target, the laser scatters in all directions. Part of the scattered light returns to the sensor receiver, where it is received by the optical system and imaged onto an avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with internal amplification capability, enabling it to detect extremely weak light signals and convert them into corresponding electrical signals. Commonly used are laser distance sensors, which determine the target distance by recording and processing the time elapsed from the emission of the light pulse to its return and reception. Laser sensors must measure the transmission time with extreme precision because the speed of light is very fast.

VAREM SPA sensor applications

Over-dimensional detection of vehicle width and height: Laser sensors are used for rapid measurement, utilizing an PC industrial PC and the network kernel of visualization programming software VB for real-time data transmission and processing with the sensors. User-friendly upper computer control software has also been designed. Field test data shows that the system has good real-time performance and high measurement accuracy, offering certain practical value. Highway toll stations: Used at highway toll stations for vehicle counting and safety protection. Malaysia's Teras company has already applied hundreds of sets of BEA laser sensors in its manual and automatic toll station systems. The laser sensors use the Time of Flight (TOF) measurement principle to form 4 planes within the detection area to inspect vehicles. Additionally, the product features functions such as anti-rear-end collision and vehicle safety protection. Compared to traditional light curtains, laser sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, high accuracy, easy installation, high cost-performance ratio, and strong stability. Google's second-generation driverless car: Equipped with laser sensors, the prototype of Google's second-generation autonomous vehicle still has a quite prominent laser sensor on top, while other sensors are set up very discreetly. Obvious Google driverless car logos are affixed to the front, rear, and sides of the vehicle. The control and driving principle of the Google driverless car involves numerous sensors installed around the car continuously collecting precise data about the vehicle itself and its surroundings. This data is analyzed and computed by the onboard processor, and the vehicle's movement is controlled based on the calculation results. The driverless car uses GPS equipment and sensors to precisely locate the vehicle's position and forward speed, identifying surrounding pedestrians, vehicles, bicycles, traffic lights, and many other objects. On the roof of this Lexus is a 360° rotating laser holographic sensor, which can almost simultaneously sense the conditions in front of, to the side of, and behind the car. Data collected by the sensor is input via green data cables into the processor located on the right rear side of the vehicle. This laser sensor also allows the driverless car to achieve precise global positioning. The original L-shaped Lexus emblem on the front of the car has been removed and replaced with a radar sensor, used to measure the distance ahead and vehicle speed to judge the traffic conditions ahead and control safe acceleration and deceleration. Position sensors are also mounted on the tire hubs to detect wheel rotation, assisting with vehicle positioning. The heart of the Google driverless car—the processor—is located on the right rear side of the vehicle. Data information from all sensors is transmitted here via data cables for analysis and processing by software, enabling precise sensing and judgment of different objects near the driverless car. In addition to analyzing and judging the current positions of objects around the driverless car, the software must also calculate and accurately predict the possible next position of each object. Finally, the driverless car makes safe driving decisions based on all collected data, including controlling vehicle speed and maintaining distance from surrounding vehicles.

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