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SONATRON sensors are devices that convert magnetic signals into electrical signals. By utilizing the transformation relationship between magnetic quantities and other physical quantities, with the magnetic field as a medium, they can also convert signals of other non-electrical physical quantities into electrical signals. There are two driving methods: one uses permanent magnets, and the other uses electromagnetic coils. The former is mostly used for detection; for example, if a moving part is made of a magnet, it will attract and emit a signal once it approaches the magnetic induction sensor. The latter is mostly used for control; if the electromagnetic coil is energized, the contacts will attract. Using magnetic induction sensors to replace limit switches that rely on collision contact can improve system reliability and service life; therefore, they are often used in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) as signaling devices for position arrival.

SONATRON sensor principle

Optical measurement and control systems are diverse, developed based on different principles of how luminous flux acts on photoelectric elements. According to the nature of the output from the photoelectric elements (optical measurement and control systems), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, exhibiting a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Based on the method of measuring the target object, analog photoelectric sensors can be classified into three major types: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and light-blocking (beam interruption) type. The transmission type refers to placing the measured object in the optical path, where light energy from a constant light source passes through the object, is partially absorbed, and the transmitted light projects onto the photoelectric element. The diffuse reflection type refers to light from a constant source projecting onto the measured object, reflecting off its surface, and then projecting onto the photoelectric element. The light-blocking type refers to the scenario where the object blocks part of the luminous flux from the light source, changing the amount of light reaching the photoelectric element; the degree of change depends on the object's position in the optical path.

SONATRON sensor features

1) Long detection distance: If a detection distance of 10m or more is maintained in through-beam configurations, it enables long-distance detection that other methods (magnetic, ultrasonic, etc.) cannot achieve. 2) Few restrictions on detected objects: Since the detection principle relies on light blocking and reflection caused by the object, unlike proximity sensors that limit detection to metals, it can detect almost all objects, including glass, plastic, wood, and liquids. 3) Short response time: Light itself travels at high speed, and the sensor circuits consist entirely of electronic components, eliminating mechanical operating times, resulting in very short response times. 4) High resolution: Advanced design techniques concentrate the emitted light beam into a small spot, or special receiving optical systems are constructed to achieve high resolution. This allows for the detection of tiny objects and high-precision position detection. 5) Non-contact detection: Detection is achieved without mechanical contact with the object, preventing damage to both the object and the sensor. Therefore, the sensor can be used for a long time. 6) Color discrimination: The reflectance and absorptance of light formed by the detected object vary depending on the wavelength of the emitted light and the color of the object. Utilizing this property, the color of the detected object can be determined. 7) Easy adjustment: In types emitting visible light, the beam is visible to the eye, facilitating adjustment of the detected object's position.

SONATRON sensor applications

Photoelectric sensors using photoelectric elements as sensitive components are diverse and widely used. According to the nature of the output, they can be divided into two categories: (1) Photoelectric measuring instruments that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, used to measure physical quantities such as light intensity, object temperature, light transmittance, displacement, and surface condition. Examples include lux meters for measuring light intensity, photoelectric pyrometers, photoelectric colorimeters and turbidimeters, photoelectric alarms for fire prevention, and automatic inspection devices and instruments for checking the diameter, length, ellipticity, and surface roughness of machined parts, all of which use photoelectric elements as sensitive components. Semiconductor photoelectric elements are not only widely used in civil industrial fields but also hold an important position in military applications. For example, lead sulfide photoresistors can be used to make infrared night vision devices, infrared cameras, and infrared navigation systems; (2) Devices that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent. Various photoelectric automatic devices are made using the characteristic of photoelectric elements to output "on" or "off" electrical signals when exposed to light or no light. Photoelectric elements serve as switching photoelectric conversion components. Examples include photoelectric input devices for computers, switching temperature control devices, and digital photoelectric tachometers for speed measurement.

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