German MECHANICAL DEVICES sensors, MECHANICAL DEVICES models, MECHANICAL DEVICES prices

MECHANICAL DEVICES sensors are sensors that use laser technology for measurement. They consist of a laser emitter, a laser detector, and a measurement circuit. Laser sensors are a new type of measuring instrument; their advantages include the ability to perform non-contact long-distance measurement, high speed, high precision, large measuring range, and strong resistance to optical and electrical interference.

MECHANICAL DEVICES sensor features

1) Since detection is performed in a non-contact manner, there is no wear or damage to the detected object. 2) Since a contactless output method is used, the service life is extended (except for magnetic types); semiconductor output is used, which has no effect on contact life. 3) Unlike optical detection methods, these sensors are suitable for use in environments with water and oil, as detection is hardly affected by stains, oil, or water on the detected object. Additionally, products with PTFE housings and good chemical resistance are available. 4) Compared to contact switches, high-speed response can be achieved. 5) Capable of operating over a wide temperature range. 6) Detection is based on changes in the physical properties of the detected object and is not affected by the color of the object, so it is hardly influenced by surface color, etc. 7) Unlike contact types, these sensors are affected by ambient temperature, surrounding objects, and other similar sensors, including mutual influence between inductive and capacitive sensors. Therefore, mutual interference must be considered during sensor installation. Furthermore, for inductive types, the influence of surrounding metal must be considered, while for capacitive types, the influence of surrounding objects must be considered.

MECHANICAL DEVICES sensor selection principles

1) Selection of sensitivity: Generally, within the linear range of the sensor, higher sensitivity is preferred. Only with high sensitivity is the output signal value corresponding to the change in the measured quantity relatively large, which facilitates signal processing. However, it should be noted that high sensor sensitivity also makes it easier for external noise unrelated to the measured quantity to mix in and be amplified by the amplification system, affecting measurement accuracy. Therefore, the sensor itself should have a high signal-to-noise ratio to minimize interference signals introduced from the outside. Sensor sensitivity is directional. If the measured quantity is a single vector and high directionality is required, a sensor with low sensitivity in other directions should be selected; if the measured quantity is a multi-dimensional vector, the cross-sensitivity of the sensor should be as low as possible. 2) Frequency response characteristics: The frequency response characteristics of the sensor determine the frequency range of the measured quantity, and distortion must be avoided within the allowable frequency range. In practice, sensor response always has a certain delay, and shorter delay times are preferred. The higher the frequency response of the sensor, the wider the measurable signal frequency range. In dynamic measurements, response characteristics should be selected according to the characteristics of the signal (steady-state, transient, random, etc.) to avoid excessive errors. 3) Linear range: The linear range of a sensor refers to the range where the output is proportional to the input. Theoretically, within this range, sensitivity remains constant. The wider the linear range of the sensor, the larger its measuring range, and it can ensure a certain measurement accuracy. When selecting a sensor, once the type is determined, the first step is to check whether its measuring range meets the requirements. However, in reality, no sensor can guarantee absolute linearity, and its linearity is relative. When the required measurement accuracy is relatively low, a sensor with small non-linear error can be approximated as linear within a certain range, which brings great convenience to measurement. 4) Stability: The ability of a sensor to maintain its performance unchanged after a period of use is called stability. Factors affecting the long-term stability of a sensor, besides the sensor's own structure, are mainly the usage environment. Therefore, to ensure good stability, the sensor must have strong environmental adaptability. Before selecting a sensor, its usage environment should be investigated, and a suitable sensor should be chosen according to the specific environment, or appropriate measures should be taken to reduce environmental impact. Sensor stability has quantitative indicators; after exceeding the service period, recalibration should be performed before use to determine whether the sensor's performance has changed. In applications where the sensor is required for long-term use and cannot be easily replaced or calibrated, stricter stability requirements are imposed, and it must withstand long-term testing. 5) Accuracy: Accuracy is an important performance indicator of a sensor and is a key link related to the measurement accuracy of the entire measurement system. The higher the accuracy of the sensor, the more expensive it is. Therefore, the sensor's accuracy only needs to meet the accuracy requirements of the entire measurement system and does not need to be excessively high. This allows for the selection of cheaper and simpler sensors among many sensors meeting the same measurement purpose, such as Atlas air compressor parts. If the measurement purpose is qualitative analysis, a sensor with high repeatability accuracy is sufficient, and one with high absolute value accuracy is not suitable; if it is for quantitative analysis and precise measurement values must be obtained, a sensor with an accuracy grade that meets the requirements must be selected. For certain special applications where a suitable sensor cannot be found, the sensor must be designed and manufactured independently. The performance of self-made sensors should meet the usage requirements.

MECHANICAL DEVICES sensor usage precautions

1) High-temperature environments can cause problems for sensors such as melting of coating materials, opening of solder joints, and structural changes in internal stresses within the elastic body. Sensors working in high-temperature environments often use high-temperature resistant sensors; additionally, insulation, water cooling, or air cooling devices must be added. 2) Dust and moisture can cause short circuits in sensors. In such environmental conditions, sensors with high sealing should be selected. Different sensors have different sealing methods, and their tightness varies significantly. Common sealing methods include filling or coating with sealant; mechanical fastening with rubber gaskets; welding (argon arc welding, plasma beam welding) and vacuum nitrogen-filled sealing. In terms of sealing effectiveness, welded sealing is the best, and filled/coated sealant is the worst. For sensors working in clean, dry indoor environments, coated sealant sensors can be chosen, while for sensors working in humid, high-dust environments, diaphragm heat-shrink sealing, diaphragm welding sealing, or vacuum nitrogen-filled sensors should be selected. 3) In highly corrosive environments, such as humidity and acidity, which can damage the elastic body or cause short circuits, sensors with plastic-sprayed surfaces or stainless steel housings, offering good corrosion resistance and tightness, should be selected. 4) Electromagnetic fields can cause chaotic output signals from sensors. In such cases, the shielding of the sensor should be strictly checked to see if it has good electromagnetic immunity. 5) Flammable and explosive environments not only cause complete damage to sensors but also pose a significant threat to other equipment and personal safety. Therefore, sensors working in flammable and explosive environments have higher requirements for explosion-proof performance: in such environments, explosion-proof sensors must be selected. The sealed housing of such sensors must consider not only tightness but also explosion-proof strength, as well as the waterproof, moisture-proof, and explosion-proof properties of the cable lead-outs.

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