German KSW KALIBRIER sensor, KSW KALIBRIER model, KSW KALIBRIER price

KSW KALIBRIER sensors are used to detect angles. The body has a hole that fits LEGO axles. When connected to RCX, the angle sensor counts once for every 1/16 revolution of the axle. Counting increases when rotating in one direction and decreases when the direction changes. The count depends on the initial position of the angle sensor. When initializing the angle sensor, its count value is set to 0; if needed, you can reset it via programming.

KSW KALIBRIER sensor features

1) As detection is non-contact, there is no wear or damage to the detected object. 2) As it uses a contactless output method, service life is extended (except for magnetic types); semiconductor output is used, which does not affect contact life. 3) Unlike optical detection methods, it is suitable for use in environments with water and oil, and detection is hardly affected by stains, oil, water, etc. on the detected object. In addition, products with PTFE housings and good chemical resistance are available. 4) Compared with contact switches, high-speed response can be achieved. 5) It can accommodate a wide temperature range. 6) It detects changes in the physical properties of the detected object regardless of the object's color, so it is hardly affected by surface color, etc. 7) Unlike contact types, it is affected by ambient temperature, surrounding objects, and other sensors of the same type, including inductive and capacitive types, where sensors mutually influence each other. Therefore, mutual interference must be considered when installing sensors. In addition, for inductive types, the influence of surrounding metal must be considered, while for capacitive types, the influence of surrounding objects must be considered.

KSW KALIBRIER sensor selection principles

1) Sensitivity selection: Generally, within the linear range of the sensor, higher sensitivity is preferred. Only with high sensitivity is the output signal corresponding to the change in the measured variable sufficiently large, which facilitates signal processing. However, note that high sensor sensitivity also makes it easier for external noise unrelated to the measured variable to mix in and be amplified by the amplification system, affecting measurement accuracy. Therefore, the sensor itself should have a high signal-to-noise ratio to minimize interference signals introduced from the outside. Sensor sensitivity is directional. If the measured variable is a single vector and high directionality is required, select a sensor with low sensitivity in other directions; if the measured variable is a multi-dimensional vector, the cross-sensitivity of the sensor should be as low as possible. 2) Frequency response characteristics: The frequency response characteristics of the sensor determine the frequency range of the measured variable, and distortion must be avoided within the allowable frequency range. In practice, sensor response always has a certain delay, and shorter delay times are preferred. The higher the frequency response of the sensor, the wider the measurable signal frequency range. In dynamic measurements, response characteristics should be selected according to the signal characteristics (steady-state, transient, random, etc.) to avoid excessive errors. 3) Linear range: The linear range of a sensor refers to the range where output is proportional to input. Theoretically, within this range, sensitivity remains constant. The wider the linear range of the sensor, the larger its measuring range, and it can ensure a certain measurement accuracy. When selecting a sensor, once the type is determined, first check whether its measuring range meets the requirements. However, in reality, no sensor can guarantee absolute linearity, and its linearity is relative. When the required measurement accuracy is relatively low, sensors with small nonlinear errors can be approximated as linear within a certain range, which brings great convenience to measurement. 4) Stability: The ability of a sensor to maintain its performance after a period of use is called stability. Factors affecting the long-term stability of a sensor, besides the sensor's own structure, are mainly the operating environment. Therefore, to ensure good stability, the sensor must have strong environmental adaptability. Before selecting a sensor, investigate its operating environment and choose a suitable sensor or take appropriate measures to reduce environmental impact. Sensor stability has quantitative indicators; after exceeding the service period, recalibration should be performed before use to determine whether the sensor's performance has changed. In applications where the sensor must be used for a long time and cannot be easily replaced or calibrated, stricter stability requirements apply, and it must withstand long-term testing.5) Accuracy: Accuracy is an important performance indicator of a sensor and a key factor affecting the measurement accuracy of the entire measurement system. The higher the accuracy of the sensor, the more expensive it is. Therefore, the sensor's accuracy only needs to meet the accuracy requirements of the entire measurement system; excessively high accuracy is unnecessary. This allows for the selection of cheaper and simpler sensors among many that meet the same measurement purpose, such as Atlas air compressor parts. If the measurement purpose is qualitative analysis, select a sensor with high repeatability accuracy rather than high absolute value accuracy; if it is for quantitative analysis and precise measurement values are required, select a sensor with an accuracy grade that meets the requirements. For certain special applications where a suitable sensor cannot be selected, the sensor must be designed and manufactured in-house. The performance of self-made sensors should meet the usage requirements.

KSW KALIBRIER sensor usage precautions

1) High-temperature environments can cause problems such as melting of coating materials, opening of solder joints, and structural changes in internal stresses of the elastic body. Sensors working in high-temperature environments often use high-temperature-resistant sensors; in addition, insulation, water cooling, or air cooling devices must be added. 2) Dust and moisture can cause short circuits in sensors. In such environmental conditions, sensors with high sealing should be selected. Different sensors have different sealing methods, and their sealing effectiveness varies significantly. Common sealing methods include filling or coating with sealant; mechanical fastening with rubber gaskets; welding (argon arc welding, plasma beam welding) and vacuum nitrogen-filled sealing. In terms of sealing effectiveness, welded sealing is the best, and filled/coated sealant is the worst. For sensors working in clean, dry indoor environments, coated sealant sensors can be selected, while for sensors working in humid, high-dust environments, diaphragm heat-shrink sealing, diaphragm welding sealing, or vacuum nitrogen-filled sensors should be selected. 3) In highly corrosive environments, such as humidity and acidity, which can damage the elastic body or cause short circuits, select sensors with plastic-sprayed surfaces or stainless steel housings, which offer good corrosion resistance and sealing. 4) Electromagnetic fields can cause chaotic output signals from sensors. In such cases, strictly check the shielding of the sensor to see if it has good electromagnetic immunity. 5) Flammable and explosive environments not only cause complete damage to sensors but also pose significant threats to other equipment and personal safety. Therefore, sensors working in flammable and explosive environments have higher requirements for explosion-proof performance: in flammable and explosive environments, explosion-proof sensors must be selected. The sealed housing of such sensors must consider not only sealing but also explosion-proof strength, as well as the waterproof, moisture-proof, and explosion-proof properties of cable lead-outs.

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