Germany KOFRA LIVARNA sensor KOFRA LIVARNA model KOFRA LIVARNA price

KOFRA LIVARNA sensors are measurement feedback devices that operate based on the optical principles of gratings. Grating scales are frequently used in the closed-loop servo systems of CNC machine tools and can be used to detect linear or angular displacement. The measurement output signal is a digital pulse, characterized by a large detection range, high detection accuracy, and fast response speed. For example, in CNC machine tools, they are often used to detect the coordinates of tools and workpieces to observe and track tool path errors, thereby compensating for tool motion errors. Depending on the manufacturing method and optical principle, grating scales are divided into transmission gratings and reflection gratings.

KOFRA LIVARNA sensor principle

Optical measurement and control systems are diverse, developed based on different principles of how luminous flux acts on photoelectric elements. Based on the nature of the output from the photoelectric element (optical measurement and control system), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, maintaining a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Analog photoelectric sensors can be classified into three major types based on the method of measuring the target object: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and light-blocking (beam obstruction) type. The transmission type refers to placing the measured object in the optical path, where light energy from a constant light source passes through the object, is partially absorbed, and the transmitted light is projected onto the photoelectric element. The diffuse reflection type refers to light from a constant source being projected onto the measured object, reflecting off its surface, and then projecting onto the photoelectric element. The light-blocking type refers to the measured object obstructing part of the luminous flux from the light source, changing the amount of light reaching the photoelectric element; the degree of change depends on the position of the object in the optical path.

KOFRA LIVARNA sensor features

1) Long detection distance: By maintaining a detection distance of 10m or more in through-beam configurations, it achieves long-range detection that other methods (magnetic, ultrasonic, etc.) cannot. 2) Few restrictions on detected objects: Since the detection principle relies on light blocking and reflection caused by the object, unlike proximity sensors that limit detection to metals, it can detect almost all objects such as glass, plastic, wood, and liquids. 3) Short response time: Light itself is high-speed, and the sensor circuit consists entirely of electronic components, eliminating mechanical operating time, resulting in very short response times. 4) High resolution: Advanced design technologies concentrate the emitted light beam into a small spot, or special light-receiving optical systems are constructed to achieve high resolution. This allows for the detection of tiny objects and high-precision position detection. 5) Non-contact detection: Detection is achieved without mechanical contact with the object, preventing damage to both the object and the sensor, thus enabling long-term use. 6) Color discrimination: The reflectance and absorptance of light formed by the detected object vary depending on the wavelength of the emitted light and the color of the object. This property allows for color detection. 7) Easy adjustment: In types emitting visible light, the beam is visible to the eye, facilitating easy adjustment of the object's position.

KOFRA LIVARNA sensor applications

Photoelectric sensors using photoelectric elements as sensitive components are diverse and widely used. Based on the nature of the output, they are divided into two categories: (1) Photoelectric measuring instruments that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, used to measure physical quantities such as light intensity, object temperature, light transmittance, displacement, and surface condition. Examples include lux meters for measuring light intensity, photoelectric pyrometers, photoelectric colorimeters, turbidity meters, photoelectric fire alarms, and automatic inspection devices and instruments for checking the diameter, length, ovality, and surface roughness of machined parts, all using photoelectric elements as sensitive components. Semiconductor photoelectric elements are widely used not only in civil industries but also hold an important position in military applications. For example, lead sulfide photoresistors can be used to make infrared night vision devices, infrared cameras, and infrared navigation systems; (2) Devices that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent. Various photoelectric automatic devices are made using the characteristic of photoelectric elements outputting "present" or "absent" electrical signals when exposed to light or no light. Photoelectric elements serve as switching photoelectric conversion components. Examples include photoelectric input devices for computers, switching temperature control devices, and digital photoelectric tachometers for speed measurement.

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