German FERMETEC sensor FERMETEC model FERMETEC price

FERMETEC sensors are devices that convert optical signals into electrical signals. Their operating principle is based on the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons in a material absorb photon energy when light strikes certain substances, resulting in corresponding electrical effects. Based on the different manifestations of the photoelectric effect, it is categorized into three types: external photoelectric effect, internal photoelectric effect, and photovoltaic effect. Photoelectric devices include phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, photoresistors, photodiodes, phototransistors, and photocells. The performance and characteristic curves of photoelectric devices are analyzed.

FERMETEC sensor principle

Optical measurement and control systems vary widely depending on how luminous flux acts on photoelectric elements. Based on the nature of the output from the photoelectric element (optical measurement and control system), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured variable into a continuously changing photocurrent, maintaining a one-to-one relationship with the measured variable. Analog photoelectric sensors can be further classified into three types based on the method of measuring the target object: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and beam interruption (light blocking) type. Transmission type refers to placing the measured object in the optical path, where light energy from a constant source passes through the object, is partially absorbed, and the transmitted light strikes the photoelectric element. Diffuse reflection type refers to light from a constant source striking the measured object and reflecting off its surface onto the photoelectric element. Beam interruption type refers to the measured object blocking part of the luminous flux from the light source, thereby changing the amount of light reaching the photoelectric element; the degree of change depends on the position of the object in the optical path.

FERMETEC sensor features

1) Long detection distance: By maintaining a detection distance of 10m or more in through-beam configurations, it achieves long-range detection that other methods (magnetic, ultrasonic, etc.) cannot. 2) Few restrictions on detected objects: Since detection relies on light blocking and reflection caused by the object, unlike proximity sensors that limit detection to metals, it can detect almost all objects including glass, plastic, wood, and liquids. 3) Short response time: Light travels at high speed, and the sensor circuitry consists entirely of electronic components without mechanical moving parts, resulting in very short response times. 4) High resolution: Advanced design techniques focus the emitted beam into a small spot, or specialized receiving optical systems are used to achieve high resolution. This allows for the detection of tiny objects and high-precision position sensing. 5) Non-contact detection: Detection occurs without mechanical contact with the object, preventing damage to both the object and the sensor, thus ensuring long service life. 6) Color discrimination: The reflectance and absorptance of light formed by the detected object vary depending on the wavelength of the emitted light and the color of the object. This property allows for color detection. 7) Easy adjustment: In types emitting visible light, the beam is visible to the eye, facilitating easy adjustment of the detected object's position.

FERMETEC sensor applications

Photoelectric sensors using photoelectric elements as sensitive components are diverse and widely used. Based on the nature of the output, they are divided into two categories: (1) Photoelectric measuring instruments that convert the measured variable into a continuously changing photocurrent. These are used to measure physical quantities such as light intensity, object temperature, translucency, displacement, and surface condition. Examples include lux meters for measuring light intensity, photoelectric pyrometers, photoelectric colorimeters, turbidimeters, photoelectric fire alarms, and automatic inspection devices for checking diameter, length, ovality, and surface roughness of machined parts, all of which use photoelectric elements as sensitive components. Semiconductor photoelectric elements are widely used not only in civil industry but also hold significant importance in military applications. For example, lead sulfide photoresistors can be used to make infrared night vision devices, infrared cameras, and infrared navigation systems; (2) Devices that convert the measured variable into a continuously changing photocurrent. Various photoelectric automatic devices are made using the characteristic of photoelectric elements to output "on" or "off" electrical signals when exposed to light or darkness. Photoelectric elements serve as switching photoelectric conversion components. Examples include photoelectric input devices for computers, switching temperature control devices, and digital photoelectric tachometers for speed measurement.

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