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ESSEBI sensors, also known as torque sensors, torsion sensors, torque sensors, and torque meters, are divided into two main categories: dynamic and static. Among them, dynamic torque sensors are also called torque sensors, torque-speed sensors, non-contact torque sensors, and rotary torque sensors. Torque sensors detect the perception of torsional moment on various rotating or non-rotating mechanical components. Torque sensors convert the physical changes of torsional force into precise electrical signals. Torque sensors can be applied in the manufacture of viscometers and electric (pneumatic, hydraulic) torque wrenches, featuring advantages such as high precision, fast frequency response, good reliability, and long service life.

ESSEBI sensor classification

1) Contact sensors: The contacts of contact sensors are actuated by the contact and compression of two objects. Common types include limit switches and two-dimensional matrix position sensors. Limit switches have a simple structure, reliable operation, and low cost. When an object moves and touches a limit switch, its internal contacts actuate to complete control. For example, if limit switches are installed at both ends of the X, Y, and Z axes of a machining center, the movement range can be controlled. Two-dimensional matrix position sensors are installed inside mechanical grippers to detect the contact position with an object. 2) Proximity sensors: A proximity switch is a switch that emits an "actuation" signal when an object approaches within a set distance, without requiring direct contact. There are many types of proximity switches, mainly including electromagnetic, photoelectric, differential transformer, eddy current, capacitive, reed switch, and Hall effect types. The application of proximity switches on CNC machine tools mainly includes tool selection control for tool turrets, worktable travel control, and piston stroke control for oil and air cylinders.

ESSEBI sensor working principle

Crankshaft position sensors are usually installed at the front end of the crankshaft (at the pulley), at the rear end near the large flywheel, or in the middle of the crankshaft. Early vehicle models also had them installed inside the distributor. They are one of the most important sensors in the control system. Their functions include: detecting engine speed, hence they are also called speed sensors; detecting the top dead center (TDC) position of the piston, hence they are also called TDC sensors, including detecting TDC signals for each cylinder used for ignition control and the TDC signal for the first cylinder used for sequential fuel injection control.

ESSEBI sensor industry applications

1) Brushless DC motors: Position sensors are one of the three main components of a brushless DC motor system and are the main feature distinguishing them from brushed DC motors. Their function is to detect the position of the main rotor during motion, convert the position signal of the rotor magnet poles into electrical signals, and provide correct commutation information to the logic switching circuit to control their conduction and cutoff. This causes the current in the motor armature windings to commutate sequentially according to the change in rotor position, forming a stepwise rotating magnetic field in the air gap to drive the permanent magnet rotor to rotate continuously. Brushless DC motors require position sensors to measure the rotor position. The motor controller receives position sensor signals to synchronize inverter commutation with the rotor, driving the motor to operate continuously. Although brushless DC motors can also detect rotor position via the back electromotive force (back EMF) generated by the stator windings, thereby omitting position sensors, the rotational speed is too low during motor startup, resulting in a back EMF signal that is too weak to be detected. Hall effect sensor chips used as position sensors for brushless DC motors are divided into switching and latching types. For electric bicycle motors, both types of Hall effect sensor chips can be used to accurately measure the position of the rotor magnets. The performance of brushless DC motors made with these two types of Hall effect sensor chips, including motor output power, efficiency, and torque, shows no difference, and they are compatible with the same motor controllers. The application of position sensors reduces motor operating noise, improves motor life and performance, and achieves energy savings. The application of position sensors undoubtedly provides strong impetus to the development of the motor market. 2) Crankshaft and camshaft: The function of the position sensor is to collect crankshaft rotation angle and engine speed signals and input them to the electronic control unit (ECu) to determine ignition timing and fuel injection timing. To distinguish it from the crankshaft position sensor (CPS), the camshaft position sensor is generally denoted by CIS. The function of the camshaft position sensor is to collect the position signal of the valve train camshaft and input it to ECU, so that ECU can identify the compression TDC of cylinder 1, thereby performing sequential fuel injection control, ignition timing control, and knock control. In addition, the camshaft position signal is used to identify the first ignition timing during engine startup. Because the camshaft position sensor can identify which cylinder's piston is about to reach top dead center, it is called a cylinder identification sensor.

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