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DECAPAC sensors are devices that convert optical signals into electrical signals. Their operating principle is based on the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons in a material absorb photon energy upon illumination, resulting in corresponding electrical effects. Based on the different manifestations of the photoelectric effect, it is categorized into three types: external photoelectric effect, internal photoelectric effect, and photovoltaic effect. Photoelectric devices include phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, photoresistors, photodiodes, phototransistors, and solar cells. The performance and characteristic curves of photoelectric devices are analyzed.

DECAPAC sensor classification

Lasers can be classified into 4 types based on the working medium. (1) Solid-state lasers: The working medium is solid. Common examples include ruby lasers, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers (i.e., YAG lasers), and neodymium glass lasers. Their structures are largely similar, characterized by compactness, robustness, and high power. Neodymium glass lasers achieve the highest pulsed output power, reaching tens of megawatts. (2) Gas lasers: The working medium is gas. Various gas atomic, ion, metal vapor, and gas molecular lasers are available. Common examples include carbon dioxide lasers, helium-neon lasers, and carbon monoxide lasers. Shaped like standard discharge tubes, they feature stable output, good monochromaticity, and long service life, but have lower power and conversion efficiency. (3) Liquid lasers: These can be further divided into chelate lasers, inorganic liquid lasers, and organic dye lasers, with organic dye lasers being the most significant due to their continuously tunable wavelength. (4) Semiconductor lasers: A relatively newer type of laser, with gallium arsenide lasers being the more mature variant. They feature high efficiency, small size, light weight, and simple structure, making them suitable for airborne, naval, and tank applications, as well as portable use by infantry. They can be fabricated into rangefinders and sights. However, they have lower output power, poorer directionality, and are significantly affected by ambient temperature.

DECAPAC sensor principle

When a laser sensor operates, a laser diode emits laser pulses toward the target. After reflection from the target, the laser scatters in various directions. Part of the scattered light returns to the sensor receiver, where it is captured by the optical system and focused onto an avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with internal amplification capabilities, enabling it to detect extremely weak optical signals and convert them into corresponding electrical signals. Laser distance sensors are common; they determine the target distance by recording and processing the time elapsed between the emission of the light pulse and its reception. Laser sensors must measure transmission time with extreme precision due to the high speed of light.

DECAPAC sensor applications

Oversize vehicle width and height detection: Laser sensors are used for rapid measurement. An industrial PC and the network kernel of the visualization programming software VB enable real-time data transmission and processing with the sensors. User-friendly host control software has also been designed. Field test data show that the system offers good real-time performance and high measurement accuracy, providing practical value. Highway toll stations: Used at highway toll stations for vehicle counting and safety protection. Malaysia's Teras company has already deployed hundreds of BEA laser sensors in its manual and automatic toll collection systems. The laser sensors use the Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurement principle to form 4 planes within the detection area for vehicle detection. The product also features anti-rear-end collision and vehicle safety protection functions. Compared with traditional light curtains, laser sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, high precision, easy installation, cost-effectiveness, and strong stability. Google's second-generation driverless car: Equipped with laser sensors. In the prototype of Google's second-generation autonomous vehicle, the top-mounted laser sensor remains quite prominent, while other sensors are discreetly integrated. Distinctive Google driverless car logos are affixed to the front, rear, and both sides of the vehicle. The control and driving principle of the Google driverless car relies on numerous sensors installed around the vehicle to continuously collect precise data about the vehicle itself and its surroundings. An onboard processor analyzes and computes this data to control the vehicle's movement. The driverless car uses GPS devices and sensors to accurately determine the vehicle's position and forward speed, identifying surrounding pedestrians, vehicles, bicycles, traffic signals, and many other objects. The roof of this Lexus vehicle features a 360° rotating laser holographic sensor, which can almost simultaneously sense conditions in front of, to the side of, and behind the vehicle. Data collected by the sensor is transmitted via green data cables to the processor located at the rear right side of the vehicle. This laser sensor also enables global precise positioning for the driverless car. The original L type Lexus emblem on the front was removed and replaced with a radar sensor used to measure distance ahead and vehicle speed, allowing it to assess traffic conditions ahead and control safe acceleration and deceleration. Position sensors are also installed on the tire hubs to detect wheel rotation, aiding in vehicle positioning. The heart of the Google driverless car—the processor—is located at the rear right side of the vehicle. Data from all sensors are transmitted here via data cables for software-based analysis and processing, enabling precise sensing and judgment of different objects near the driverless car. In addition to analyzing and judging the current positions of objects around the driverless car, the system uses software to calculate and accurately predict the potential next position of each object. Finally, the driverless car makes safe driving decisions based on all collected data, including controlling vehicle speed and maintaining distance from surrounding vehicles.

Weidou Intelligent Technology specializes in selling German DECAPAC sensors, DECAPAC proximity sensors, DECAPAC distance sensors, DECAPAC vision sensors, DECAPAC displacement sensors, DECAPAC torque sensors, DECAPAC speed sensors, DECAPAC photoelectric sensors, DECAPAC position sensors, DECAPAC angle sensors, DECAPAC tactile sensors, DECAPAC temperature sensors, DECAPAC pressure sensors, DECAPAC flow sensors, DECAPAC level sensors, DECAPAC motion sensors, and DECAPAC process sensors. Original imports from Germany. Welcome inquiries and orders from users.