German CONSULENZA METANO sensor CONSULENZA METANO model CONSULENZA METANO price

CONSULENZA METANO sensors are devices that convert optical signals into electrical signals. Their operating principle is based on the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons in a material absorb photon energy when light strikes certain substances, resulting in corresponding electrical effects. Based on the different manifestations of the photoelectric effect, it is classified into three categories: external photoelectric effect, internal photoelectric effect, and photovoltaic effect. Photoelectric devices include phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, photoresistors, photodiodes, phototransistors, and photocells. The performance and characteristic curves of photoelectric devices are analyzed.

CONSULENZA METANO sensor structure

It consists of two parts: the scale grating and the grating readhead. The figure on the right shows the structure of the grating scale. The key component of the grating detection device is the grating readhead, which comprises a light source, condensing lens, index grating, photoelectric elements, and adjustment mechanisms. There are many structural forms of grating readheads, classified according to their structural features and application scenarios into direct-reception readheads (also known as silicon photocell readheads), mirror-image readheads, beam-splitter readheads, and metal grating reflection readheads.

CONSULENZA METANO sensor principle

The essence of a grating displacement sensor is to measure position using the grating pitch as a standard ruler. High-resolution grating scales are generally expensive and difficult to manufacture. To improve system resolution, Moiré fringes must be subdivided; grating scale sensor systems mostly employ electronic subdivision methods. When two gratings overlap with a slight inclination, Moiré fringes are generated in a direction roughly perpendicular to the grating lines. As the grating moves, the Moiré fringes move up and down accordingly. This converts the measurement of grating pitch into the measurement of the number of Moiré fringes. Within one Moiré fringe width, placing 4 photoelectric devices at specific intervals enables electronic subdivision and direction determination. For example, for a grating scale with 50 line pairs/mm, the grating pitch is 0.02mm. With four-fold subdivision, counting pulses with a resolution of 5μm can be obtained, achieving high precision in general industrial measurement and control. Since displacement is a vector, both its magnitude and direction must be detected; therefore, at least two photoelectric signals with different phases are required. To eliminate common-mode interference, DC components, and even harmonics, differential amplifiers composed of low-drift operational amplifiers are typically used. The 4 photoelectric signals obtained from 4 photosensitive devices are fed into the input terminals of 2 differential amplifiers. The two signals output from the differential amplifier have a phase difference of π/2. To obtain direction determination and counting pulses, these two signals must be shaped, first into square waves with a duty cycle of 1:1. Then, by comparing the phase of the square waves, the movement direction of the grating scale can be determined. By counting the square wave pulses, the displacement and velocity of the grating scale can be obtained.

CONSULENZA METANO sensor usage precautions

When plugging or unplugging the connector between the grating scale sensor and the digital display unit, ensure the power is turned off. Install an external protective cover whenever possible, and promptly clean chips and oil splashed onto the scale to strictly prevent any foreign matter from entering the grating scale sensor housing. Regularly check whether the installation screws are loose. To extend the life of the dust-proof sealing strip, apply a thin, uniform layer of silicone oil to the strip, taking care not to splash it onto the glass grating ruled surface. To ensure the reliability of the grating scale sensor, clean and wipe the grating scale surface and the index grating surface with an ethanol mixture (50%) at regular intervals to keep the glass grating scale surface clean. Grating scale sensors are strictly prohibited from being subjected to severe vibration or impact to avoid damaging the grating scale; if the grating scale breaks, the sensor will fail. Do not disassemble the grating scale sensor yourself, and never arbitrarily change the relative gap between the main grating and the secondary grating. Otherwise, this may damage the sensor's accuracy and cause relative friction between the main and secondary gratings, damaging the chrome layer and thus the grating lines, rendering the grating scale unusable. Take care to prevent oil and water from contaminating the grating scale surface, as this can disrupt the distribution of grating lines and cause measurement errors. Grating scale sensors should avoid working in environments with severe corrosion to prevent corrosion of the grating chrome layer and the grating scale surface, which would compromise the quality of the grating scale.

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