German CALLEBAUT sensors, CALLEBAUT models, CALLEBAUT prices

CALLEBAUT sensors are components that convert changes in non-electrical quantities (such as speed and pressure) into changes in electrical quantities. Depending on the non-electrical quantity converted, they can be classified into pressure sensors, speed sensors, temperature sensors, etc., and serve as parts and accessories for measurement, control instruments, and equipment.

CALLEBAUT sensor classification

1) Laser speed measurement: With the rise of modern precision manufacturing and the demand for cost savings, non-contact speed sensors are gradually replacing contact speed sensors. The most common and high-precision non-contact laser speed sensor currently available on the market is the ZLS-Px aberration speed sensor. The aberration speed sensor has two ports: one emission port that emits a LED light source, and one high-speed photography port that achieves CCD area high-speed imaging comparison. By comparing images at two instants within an extremely short time, it determines the distance the measured object has moved. Combined with internal algorithms, it outputs the object's speed in real time. As shown in the figure: (1) LED light emission port, (2) camera reception port, (3), (4) terminal blocks, (5) mounting screw holes. (1) The LED light emission port emits laser light toward the measured object; after reflection, it reaches the (2) camera reception port. Upon receiving the signal, it is transmitted to the signal processor, which calculates the speed using algorithms. The ZLS-Px aberration speed sensor can simultaneously measure speed and length in two directions. It not only detects whether the measured object has stopped but also detects its direction of motion. Mount the sensor on a stable bracket to ensure that the rotation of the object does not generate excessive vibration, thereby enabling measurement of the rotational angle and speed of the rotating object. 2) Radar speed measurement: Traditional speed measurement mostly involves rotary motion speed and linear motion speed. However, there are many irregular speed measurement scenarios in industrial automation, such as athlete speed measurement, traffic vehicle speed measurement, and golf ball speed measurement. Radar speed sensors can meet these requirements.

CALLEBAUT sensor principle

A transmissive speed sensor consists of a slotted or perforated disk, a light source, and a phototube. When the disk rotates with the shaft under test, light can only reach the phototube through the holes or slots. When the phototube is illuminated, its reverse resistance is very low, thus outputting an electrical pulse signal. When the light source is blocked by the disk, the reverse resistance of the phototube is very high, and there is no signal output at the output terminal. In this way, based on the number of holes or slots on the disk, the rotational speed of the shaft under test can be measured. The number of holes or slots on the disk is usually set to sixty, so for each revolution of the shaft under test, the photoelectric converter outputs 60 pulse signals. If the time base signal of the electronic counter is set to 1s, the rotational speed of the shaft under test can be read directly. The principle of a reflective speed sensor is the same as that of a transmissive one; it converts changes in received light into changes in electrical signals via a phototube, but it obtains pulse signals through light reflection, typically by adhering reflective material to the measurement area of the shaft under test to form a reflective surface. Commonly used reflective materials are special speed-measuring reflective paper tapes (adhesive tapes), aluminum foil or other reflective materials can also be used as substitutes, and sometimes white paint can be applied to the measurement area to serve as a reflective surface. The emitter and the reflective surface must be properly configured, typically with a distance of 5-15M between them. When the measured shaft rotates, the photoelectric element receives pulsed light, and outputs the corresponding electrical signal to the electronic counter, thereby measuring the rotational speed of the measured shaft. The waveform of the output signal from the photoelectric speed sensor is relatively regular, close to a standard square wave, with almost no interference signals generated. However, for the transmissive type, vibration can reduce the lifespan of the light source, so it is not suitable for use in conditions with strong vibration. The reflective type has no mechanical connection with the measured shaft, making it convenient to use.

CALLEBAUT sensor industry applications

1) Modern automobiles are generally equipped with engine control, autonomous driving, ABS, TRC, automatic door locking, active suspension, guidance systems, electronic instruments, and other devices, all of which require vehicle speed signals. Therefore, the accuracy and stability of the output signals from speed sensors will greatly affect these control units. Automotive speed sensors often adopt a Hall-effect structure. A Hall speed sensor is a magnetoelectric sensor based on the Hall effect, characterized by high magnetic field sensitivity, stable output signal, high frequency response, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, simple structure, and ease of use. It mainly consists of permanent magnets with a specific number of pole pairs (generally 4 or 8 pairs), Hall elements, a rotating mechanism, and input/output connectors. Its working principle is that when the sensor's rotating mechanism is driven externally, it rotates the permanent magnet, causing periodic changes in the magnetic field passing through the Hall element. This induces changes in the output voltage of the Hall element, which are processed by subsequent circuits to form stable pulse voltage signals as the output of the speed sensor. Key electrical technical parameters for Hall-structure speed sensors include: high output voltage, low output voltage, duty cycle, period, rise time, fall time, and pulses per period. To ensure product performance and reliability, these parameters must be quantitatively tested before factory shipment. Test systems featuring integration and intelligence, efficient automatic measurement, software calculation, and graphical or tabular display of results are increasingly favored by automotive speed sensor manufacturers. A comprehensive testing device has been developed for performance measurement of commonly used Hall-effect vehicle speed sensors. Considering cost, the high-speed counter port of a microprocessor is used for data acquisition from the vehicle speed sensor, and software control is employed to calculate and graphically display the acquired data. The completed testing device offers advantages such as high testing precision, reliable data communication, a user-friendly graphical interface, strong anti-interference capability, simple and intuitive testing process, and low system development cost. It has good market promotion potential, indicating significant application prospects for speed sensors in vehicle speed detection. 2) Speed sensors for belt conveyors adopt Hall sensors, which utilize the Hall effect to achieve magnetoelectric conversion. Since the discovery of the Hall effect in 1879, it has undergone more than 100 years of development history. However, its application gained attention and widespread adoption only in the 50s of this century, due to the rapid development of microelectronics, leading to the continuous development of various Hall elements. China began intensifying research on Hall elements in the 20s of the 70th century. After nearly several decades of research and development, it is now possible to produce Hall elements with various performances, such as standard type, high-sensitivity type, low-temperature-coefficient type, temperature/magnetic-field-measuring type, and switching type. Due to the characteristics of Hall sensors, including high sensitivity, good linearity, high stability, small size, and high-temperature resistance, they are widely used in various industrial fields such as non-electrical quantity measurement, automatic control, computer devices, and modern military technology.

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