German BALCRO sensors BALCRO models BALCRO prices

BALCRO sensors are the direct source of information for the entire machine vision system, mainly consisting of one or two image sensors, sometimes accompanied by light projectors and other auxiliary equipment. The main function of vision sensors is to acquire the rawest images sufficient for the machine vision system to process. Image sensors can use laser scanners, line-scan and area-scan CCD cameras or TV cameras, as well as the latest digital cameras.

BALCRO sensor principle

Optical measurement and control systems are diverse, developed based on different principles of how luminous flux acts on photoelectric elements. According to the nature of the output from the photoelectric element (optical measurement and control system), they can be divided into two categories: analog photoelectric sensors and pulse (switching) photoelectric sensors. Analog photoelectric sensors convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, which has a single-valued relationship with the measured quantity. Based on the method of measuring the target object, analog photoelectric sensors can be classified into three major types: transmission (absorption) type, diffuse reflection type, and light-blocking (beam interruption) type. The transmission type refers to placing the measured object in the optical path, where the light energy emitted by a constant light source passes through the object, and after partial absorption, the transmitted light is projected onto the photoelectric element. The diffuse reflection type refers to projecting light from a constant light source onto the measured object, which then reflects off the object's surface and is projected onto the photoelectric element. The light-blocking type refers to when part of the luminous flux emitted by the light source is blocked by the measured object, causing a change in the luminous flux projected onto the photoelectric element; the degree of change depends on the position of the measured object within the optical path.

BALCRO sensor features

1) Long detection distance: If a detection distance of more than 10m is maintained in through-beam configurations, it enables long-distance detection that other methods (magnetic, ultrasonic, etc.) cannot achieve. 2) Few restrictions on detected objects: Since the detection principle is based on light blocking and reflection caused by the detected object, unlike proximity sensors that limit detection to metals, it can detect almost all objects such as glass, plastic, wood, and liquids. 3) Short response time: Light itself is high-speed, and the sensor circuits are composed of electronic components, so there is no mechanical operating time, resulting in very short response times. 4) High resolution: High resolution can be achieved by concentrating the projected light beam into a small spot through advanced design technology, or by constructing special light-receiving optical systems. It also allows for the detection of tiny objects and high-precision position detection. 5) Non-contact detection: Detection can be performed without mechanical contact with the object, thus causing no damage to the detected object or the sensor. Therefore, the sensor can be used for a long time. 6) Color discrimination: The reflectance and absorptance of light formed by the detected object vary depending on the wavelength of the projected light and the color combination of the detected object. Utilizing this property, the color of the detected object can be detected. 7) Easy adjustment: In types projecting visible light, the projected beam is visible to the eye, facilitating adjustment of the detected object's position.

BALCRO sensor applications

Photoelectric sensors using photoelectric elements as sensitive components are diverse and widely used. Based on the nature of the output quantity of photoelectric sensors, they can be divided into two categories: (1) Photoelectric measuring instruments that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent, used to measure physical quantities such as light intensity, object temperature, light transmittance, displacement, and surface condition. Examples include illuminance meters for measuring light intensity, photoelectric pyrometers, photoelectric colorimeters and turbidimeters, photoelectric alarms for fire prevention, and automatic inspection devices and instruments for checking the diameter, length, ellipticity, and surface roughness of machined parts, all of which use photoelectric elements as sensitive components. Semiconductor photoelectric elements are not only widely used in civil industrial fields but also hold an important position in military applications. For example, lead sulfide photoresistors can be made into infrared night vision devices, infrared cameras, and infrared navigation systems; (2) Devices that convert the measured quantity into a continuously changing photocurrent. Various photoelectric automatic devices are made using the characteristic of photoelectric elements outputting "present" or "absent" electrical signals when exposed to light or no light. Photoelectric elements serve as switching photoelectric conversion components. Examples include photoelectric inputs for computers, switching temperature regulation devices, and digital photoelectric tachometers for speed measurement.

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