German AP & T pump, AP & T model, AP & T price

AP & T pumps operate by using impeller rotation to induce centrifugal motion in water. Before starting the pump, the pump casing and suction pipe must be filled with water. Then, start the motor to drive the pump shaft, causing the impeller and water to rotate at high speed. The water undergoes centrifugal motion, is thrown toward the outer edge of the impeller, and flows into the discharge pipe of the water pump through the flow channel of the volute casing.

AP & T pump structure composition

The basic structure of a centrifugal pump consists of six parts: impeller, pump body, pump shaft, bearing, sealing ring, and packing box. 1) The impeller is the core part of the centrifugal pump; it has high rotational speed and high output power. The blades on the impeller play a major role, and the impeller must undergo a static balance test before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the impeller are required to be smooth to reduce friction loss of water flow. 2) The pump body, also known as the pump casing, is the main body of the water pump. It provides support and fixation and connects to the bracket where the bearings are installed. 3) The function of the pump shaft is to connect to the motor via a coupling and transmit the motor's torque to the impeller, making it the main component for transmitting mechanical energy. 4) Sliding bearings use transparent oil as a lubricant; fill oil to the oil level line. Too much oil will seep out along the pump shaft, while too little will cause the bearing to overheat and burn out, leading to accidents! During pump operation, the maximum bearing temperature is 85 degrees, and normal operating temperature is around 60 degrees. 5) The sealing ring is also known as the leakage reduction ring. 6) The packing box mainly consists of packing, water seal ring, packing sleeve, packing gland, and water seal pipe. The main function of the packing box is to seal the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, preventing water inside the pump from leaking out and air from entering the pump, thereby maintaining the vacuum inside the water pump. When heat is generated by friction between the pump shaft and the packing, water from the water seal pipe flows into the water seal ring to cool the packing, ensuring normal pump operation. Therefore, inspection of the packing box requires special attention during routine inspections of pump operation. The packing should be replaced after approximately 600 hours of operation.

AP & T pump maintenance

1) Compact structure, small size, and light weight: Composed of an aluminum alloy front cover, intermediate body, and rear cover, along with gears made of alloy steel and pressure plates made of aluminum alloy. Two DU bearings are press-fitted inside the front and rear covers respectively. DU material is an ideal bearing material for gear pumps, significantly extending the service life of the gear pump. 2) Reliable operation: The pressure plate is the main component for radial and axial pressure compensation, reducing bearing load and automatically adjusting the axial clearance of the gear pump, thereby effectively improving the performance indicators and operational reliability of the gear pump. GM5 and GPC4 series gear motors offer four structural configurations: single rotation without front bearing, double rotation without front bearing, single rotation with front bearing, and double rotation with front bearing. Gear motors with front bearings can withstand both radial and axial forces. 3) High speed and high pressure: Rotational speed ranges from 3000 to 4000 rpm, with theoretical torque from 17N.m (N.m) to 64N.m, reaching up to 20-25MPa. 4) Connection methods suitable for imported machinery and engineering equipment: Compliant with SAE and national standard GB for installation flanges, shaft extensions, inlet, and outlet connections. Widely applicable in hydraulic systems of automobiles, tractors, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, and other mechanical equipment.

AP & T pump working principle

The concept of a gear pump is very simple. Its most basic form consists of two gears of identical size meshing and rotating within a closely fitted housing. The interior of this housing resembles the shape of the number "8", with the two gears installed inside. The outer diameter and sides of the gears fit tightly with the housing. Material from the extruder enters the space between the two gears at the suction inlet, filling this space. As the teeth rotate, the material moves along the housing and is finally discharged when the two teeth mesh. Gear pumps are also called positive displacement devices. Similar to a piston in a cylinder, when one tooth enters the fluid space of another tooth, the liquid and the tooth cannot occupy the same space simultaneously because the liquid is incompressible. Thus, the liquid is mechanically squeezed out. Due to the continuous meshing of the teeth, this phenomenon occurs continuously, providing a continuous discharge volume at the pump outlet. The discharged volume per revolution is constant. As the drive shaft rotates continuously, the pump discharges fluid without interruption. The pump flow rate is directly related to the pump speed. In practice, there is a small amount of fluid loss within the pump, as some fluid is used to lubricate the bearings and the sides of the gears, and the pump body cannot have a gap-free fit. Therefore, fluid cannot be discharged from the outlet at 100%, making some fluid loss inevitable. This prevents the pump's operating efficiency from reaching 100%. However, the pump can still operate well, achieving efficiencies of 93% to 98% for most extruded materials. This type of pump is not significantly affected by changes in fluid viscosity or density during the process. If a damper, such as a filter screen or restrictor, is placed on the discharge side, the pump will push the fluid through them. If this damper changes during operation—for example, if the filter screen becomes dirty or clogged, or if the back pressure of the restrictor increases—the pump will maintain a constant flow rate until the mechanical limit of the weakest component in the system is reached (a torque limiter is usually installed). There is actually a limit to the pump's rotational speed, which mainly depends on the process fluid. If transporting oil, the pump can rotate at high speeds, but this limit increases significantly when the fluid is a high-viscosity polymer melt. It is crucial to fill the space between the two teeth on the suction inlet side with high-viscosity fluid. If this space is not fully filled, the pump cannot discharge an accurate flow rate. Therefore, the PV value (pressure × flow velocity) is another limiting factor and a process variable. Due to these limitations, gear pump manufacturers offer a range of products with different specifications and displacements (volume discharged per revolution). These pumps are matched to specific application processes to optimize system capacity and price.

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