German PK valves PK models PK prices

PK valves are known as steam traps, also called automatic drains or condensate dischargers. They are categorized for use in steam systems and gas systems. Steam traps are installed at the end of steam-heated pipelines to continuously discharge condensate from the pipes to the outside. Most steam traps can automatically distinguish between steam and water (excluding thermostatic types), thereby achieving automatic steam blocking and drainage. Steam traps are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, food and pharmaceuticals, and power plants, playing a significant role in energy saving and emission reduction.

PK valve classification

1) Free float steam trap: Simple structure, with only one moving part inside: a finely polished stainless steel hollow float ball, which acts as both the float and the opening/closing component. There are no wearing parts, resulting in a long service life. The steam trap is equipped with a Y series automatic air venting device, which is highly sensitive and can automatically vent air, ensuring high operational quality. When the equipment starts up, the air in the pipeline is discharged through the Y series automatic air venting device. Low-temperature condensate enters the steam trap, causing the condensate level to rise and the float to rise, opening the valve. Condensate is rapidly discharged, and steam quickly enters the equipment, causing rapid heating. The temperature-sensitive liquid in the Y series automatic air venting device expands, closing the automatic air vent. The steam trap begins normal operation, with the float rising and falling with the condensate level to block steam and drain water. The valve seat of the free float steam trap is always below the liquid level, forming a water seal with no steam leakage, providing good energy-saving effects. Minimum working pressure 0.01Mpa, continuous drainage is unaffected by temperature and working pressure fluctuations within the range from 0.01Mpa to the maximum operating pressure. It can discharge condensate at saturation temperature, with a minimum subcooling of 0℃, ensuring no water remains in the heating equipment and allowing it to achieve optimal heat exchange efficiency. The back pressure ratio is greater than 85%, making it one of the most ideal steam traps for process heating equipment. 2) Free half-float steam trap: The free half-float steam trap has only one moving part: a half-float bucket with the opening facing downward. The bucket serves as both the opening/closing component and the sealing component. The entire spherical surface can provide sealing, resulting in a long service life, resistance to water hammer, no wearing parts, no failures, durability, and no steam leakage. The back pressure ratio is greater than 80%, it can discharge condensate at saturation temperature, with a minimum subcooling of 0℃, ensuring no water remains in the heating equipment and allowing it to achieve optimal heat exchange efficiency. When the device starts up, air and low-temperature condensate in the pipeline enter the steam trap through the launch tube. The bimetallic air vent element inside the valve pushes the bucket open, opening the valve, and air and low-temperature condensate are rapidly discharged. When steam enters the bucket, the bucket generates upward buoyancy. At the same time, the temperature inside the valve rises, causing the bimetallic air vent element to contract. The bucket floats towards the valve port, closing the valve. When the steam in the bucket condenses into water, the bucket loses buoyancy and sinks, opening the valve and rapidly discharging condensate. When steam enters the bucket again, the valve closes again, operating intermittently and continuously. 3) Lever float steam trap: The basic characteristics of the lever float steam trap are the same as those of the free float type. The internal structure consists of a float connected to a lever that drives the valve core, opening and closing the valve according to the rise and fall of the condensate level. The lever float steam trap uses double valve seats to increase condensate discharge capacity, achieving a small size with large discharge volume. The maximum condensate discharge capacity reaches 100 tons/hour, making it the most ideal steam trap for large heating equipment. 4) Inverted bucket steam trap: Inside the inverted bucket steam trap is an inverted bucket that acts as the level-sensitive component. The bucket opening faces downward, and the inverted bucket is connected to a lever that drives the valve core to open and close the valve. The inverted bucket steam trap can vent air, is resistant to water hammer, and has good anti-fouling performance. The subcooling is small, the steam leakage rate is less than 3%, and the maximum back pressure ratio is 75%. It has more connecting parts and is less sensitive than the free float steam trap. Since the inverted bucket steam trap relies on the upward buoyancy of steam to close the valve, it is not suitable for selection when the working pressure difference is less than 0.1MPA. When the device starts up, air and low-temperature condensate in the pipeline enter the steam trap. The inverted bucket falls due to its own weight, driving the lever to open the valve core, and air and low-temperature condensate are rapidly discharged. When steam enters the inverted bucket, the steam generates upward buoyancy, causing the inverted bucket to rise and drive the lever to close the valve core. There is a small hole on the inverted bucket. When part of the steam escapes through the small hole, another part condenses into water. The inverted bucket loses buoyancy and sinks due to its own weight, driving the lever to open the valve core. This cycle repeats, resulting in intermittent drainage. 5) Combined superheated steam trap: The combined superheated steam trap has two isolated valve chambers connected by two stainless steel tubes. It is a combination of a float-type and an inverted bucket-type steam trap. The valve structure is advanced and reasonable. Under working conditions of superheat, high pressure, and low load, it can promptly discharge condensate formed when superheated steam disappears, effectively preventing superheated steam leakage, ensuring high operational quality. The maximum allowable temperature is 600℃. The valve body is made entirely of stainless steel, and the valve seat is made of hard alloy steel, resulting in a long service life. It is a specialized steam trap for superheated steam, holding two national patents and filling a domestic gap. When condensate enters the lower valve chamber, the float of the auxiliary valve rises with the liquid level, closing the steam inlet hole. The condensate rises through the inlet conduit to the main valve chamber. The inverted bucket falls due to its own weight, driving the valve core to open the main valve and discharge condensate. When the condensate level in the auxiliary valve chamber drops, the float falls with the liquid level, opening the auxiliary valve.Steam enters the inverted bucket in the upper main valve chamber through the steam inlet pipe. The inverted bucket generates upward buoyancy, driving the valve core to close the main valve. When the condensate level in the auxiliary valve chamber rises again, the next cycle begins, resulting in intermittent drainage.

PK valve selection

When selecting a steam trap, do not choose based solely on maximum discharge capacity. Pay special attention: it is strictly prohibited to select a steam trap based only on pipe diameter. Selection must be based on steam trap selection principles and the specific conditions of the condensate system. Generally, selection should be made based on the following three aspects. 1) First, determine the type of steam trap based on the heating equipment and the requirements for condensate discharge. For heating equipment requiring the fastest heating speed and strict temperature control, where condensate accumulation must be prevented and any water must be discharged immediately, it is best to choose a mechanical steam trap capable of discharging saturated water. Because this type of steam trap discharges water as soon as it appears, it can timely eliminate adverse effects caused by water accumulation in the equipment, rapidly improving and ensuring the heating efficiency required by the equipment. For heating equipment with a large heating surface and less stringent requirements for heating speed and temperature control, where water accumulation is permissible, such as steam heating drainage and process tracing line drainage, it is best to choose a thermostatic steam trap. For medium and low-pressure steam transmission pipelines, condensate generated in the pipeline must be rapidly and completely discharged; otherwise, water hammer accidents are likely to occur. An increased water content in steam lowers the steam temperature, failing to meet the process requirements of steam-using equipment. Therefore, it is best to choose mechanical steam traps for medium and low-pressure steam transmission pipelines. 2) Second, determine the nominal pressure and valve body material of the steam trap based on the maximum working pressure and maximum working temperature of the steam-using equipment; determine the connection method and installation method of the steam trap, etc. The nominal pressure of steam traps is generally divided into: 0.6Mpa, 1.0Mpa, 2.0Mpa, 2.5Mpa, 4.0Mpa, 5.0Mpa. During selection, the nominal pressure of the steam trap must not be lower than the maximum working pressure of the steam-using equipment. At the same time, select the valve body material based on the nominal pressure, maximum working temperature, and installation environment of the steam trap. For nominal pressure ≤ 1.0Mpa, select cast iron or carbon cast steel; for nominal pressure > 1.0Mpa, select carbon cast steel or alloy cast steel. The maximum working temperature of the steam trap is determined by the steam used by the steam-using equipment. The selected temperature should not be lower than the temperature of the steam in use. Steam traps have two installation methods: horizontal and vertical, determined by the connection position between the pipeline and the steam trap. Connection methods for steam traps include threaded, flanged, welded, and wafer types. These must be determined based on the maximum working pressure, maximum working temperature of the steam trap, and the requirements of the corresponding connection parts of the steam-using equipment. 3) Finally, determine the performance parameters of the steam trap based on the discharge volume. In addition to matching parameters such as pressure and temperature of the steam trap with the equipment conditions, the discharge volume under various pressure differences is an important factor in selecting a steam trap. If the discharge volume of the selected and installed steam trap is too small, it cannot timely discharge all condensate reaching the trap, causing condensate blockage and backflow, ultimately leading to clogging and significantly reducing equipment heating efficiency. Conversely, selecting a steam trap with excessive discharge volume will lead to premature wear and failure of the valve closing components. As the valve body size increases, manufacturing costs also increase, which is uneconomical. Therefore, the amount of condensate generated in the equipment or pipeline must be correctly measured or calculated to provide conditions for the correct selection of steam traps.

PK valve structure

Good sealing performance, but the load of the working medium on the ball is fully transmitted to the outlet sealing ring. Therefore, consideration must be given to whether the sealing ring material can withstand the working load of the ball medium. Under high pressure impact, the ball may shift. This structure is generally used for medium and low-pressure ball valves. Fixed ball valve Fixed ball valve The ball of the fixed ball valve is fixed and does not move under pressure. Fixed ball valves are equipped with floating valve seats. Under medium pressure, the valve seat moves, pressing the sealing ring tightly against the ball to ensure sealing. Bearings are usually installed on the upper and lower shafts of the ball, resulting in low operating torque, making them suitable for high-pressure and large-diameter valves. To reduce the operating torque of ball valves and increase sealing reliability, oil-sealed ball valves have emerged. Special lubricating oil is injected between the sealing surfaces to form an oil film, which enhances sealing performance and reduces operating torque, making them more suitable for high-pressure, large-diameter ball valves.

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