Germany TKSE bearings TKSE models TKSE prices

TKSE bearings can simultaneously withstand radial and axial loads. They can operate at higher speeds. The larger the contact angle, the higher the axial load capacity. The contact angle is the angle between the line connecting the contact points of the ball and raceway in the radial plane and the perpendicular to the bearing axis. High-precision and high-speed bearings typically use a 15 degree contact angle. Under axial force, the contact angle increases.

TKSE bearing classification

There are many types of plain bearings: 1) Classified by the direction of load they can withstand into radial (journal) plain bearings and thrust (axial) plain bearings. 2) Classified by lubricant type into oil-lubricated bearings, grease-lubricated bearings, water-lubricated bearings, gas bearings, solid-lubricated bearings, magnetic fluid bearings, and electromagnetic bearings, totaling 7 categories. 3) Classified by lubricant film thickness into thin-film lubricated bearings and thick-film lubricated bearings. 4) Classified by bearing shell material into bronze bearings, cast iron bearings, plastic bearings, jewel bearings, powder metallurgy bearings, self-lubricating bearings, and oil-impregnated bearings. 5) Classified by bearing shell structure into circular bearings, elliptical bearings, three-lobe bearings, step-face bearings, tilting pad bearings, and foil bearings. Bearing shells are divided into split and integral structures. To improve the friction properties of the bearing shell surface, one or two layers of anti-friction material are often cast on the inner diameter surface, commonly referred to as bearing lining; thus, there are bimetallic and trimetallic bearing shells. The bearing shell or bearing lining is an important component of plain bearings, and the materials for both are collectively referred to as bearing materials. Since the bearing shell or lining is in direct contact with the journal, and the journal part is generally more wear-resistant, the primary failure mode of the bearing shell is wear. Bearing shell wear is directly related to the journal material, the bearing shell material itself, the lubricant, and the lubrication state. These factors should be comprehensively considered when selecting bearing shell materials to improve the service life and performance of plain bearings.

TKSE bearing grease selection

1) When bearing load is high and speed is low, select grease with low penetration; conversely, select grease with high penetration. For high-speed bearings, select grease with lower penetration and good mechanical stability. Note that the viscosity of the base oil in the grease should be lower. 2) The dropping point of the selected grease should generally be 20-30℃ higher than the operating temperature. In cases of continuous high-temperature operation, ensure the temperature does not exceed the allowable usage range of the grease. 3) When plain bearings operate in water-sprayed or humid environments, select calcium-based, aluminum-based, or lithium-based greases with good water resistance. 4) Select grease with good adhesion. Selection of grease for plain bearings: Load<1MPa, journal circumferential speed below 1m/s, maximum operating temperature 75℃, select No. 3 calcium-based grease; load 1-6.5MPa, journal circumferential speed 0.5-5m/s, maximum operating temperature 55℃, select No. 2 calcium-based grease; load >6.5MPa, journal circumferential speed below 0.5m/s, maximum operating temperature 75℃, select No. 3 calcium-based grease; load<6.5MPa, journal circumferential speed 0.5-5m/s, maximum operating temperature 120℃, select No. 2 lithium-based grease; load >6.5MPa, journal circumferential speed below 0.5m/s, maximum operating temperature 110℃, select No. 2 calcium-sodium based grease; load 1-6.5MPa, journal circumferential speed below 1m/s, maximum operating temperature 50-100℃, select No. 2 lithium-based grease; load >5MPa, journal circumferential speed 0.5m/s, maximum operating temperature 60℃, select No. 2 rolling mill grease; in humid environments, at temperatures around 75-120℃, consider using calcium-sodium based grease. In humid environments, if the operating temperature is below 75℃ and No. 3 calcium-based grease is unavailable, aluminum-based grease can be used. At operating temperatures around 110-120℃, lithium-based or barium-based grease can be used. For centralized lubrication, consistency should be lower. Lubrication cycle for plain bearing grease: Occasional operation, non-critical parts: Shaft speed<200r/min, lubrication cycle once every 5 days; shaft speed >200r/min, lubrication cycle once every 3 days. Intermittent operation: Shaft speed<200r/min, lubrication cycle once every 2 days; shaft speed >200r/min, lubrication cycle once every 1 days. Continuous operation, operating temperature less than 40℃: Shaft speed<200r/min, lubrication cycle once every 1 days; shaft speed >200r/min, lubrication cycle once per shift. Continuous operation, operating temperature 40-100℃: Shaft speed<200r/min, lubrication cycle once per shift; shaft speed >200r/min, lubrication cycle twice per shift. It is necessary to ensure uniform and close contact between the journal and the plain bearing, while maintaining a certain clearance fit. This refers to the central angle subtended by the contact surface between the journal and the plain bearing. The contact angle should neither be too large nor too small. A contact angle that is too small will increase the pressure on the plain bearing, potentially causing significant deformation, accelerating wear, and shortening service life; a contact angle that is too large will affect oil film formation, preventing effective hydrodynamic lubrication. Experimental research indicates that the limit contact angle for plain bearings is 120°. When a plain bearing wears to this contact angle, hydrodynamic lubrication fails. Therefore, without compromising the compressive conditions of the plain bearing, a smaller contact angle is preferable. Theoretical analysis of friction torque shows that the friction torque is minimized when the contact angle is 60°. Therefore, it is recommended that for plain bearings with speeds above 500r/min, the contact angle should be 60°; for plain bearings with speeds below 500r/min, the contact angle can be 90° or 60°.

TKSE bearing usage precautions

Plain bearings involve surface contact, so a certain oil film must be maintained between the contact surfaces. Therefore, the following issues should be noted during design: 1) Ensure the oil film can smoothly enter the friction surface. 2) Oil should enter the bearing from the non-load-bearing zone. 3) Do not place a full-circle oil groove in the middle of the bearing. 4) For tilting pad bearings, open oil grooves at the joints. 5) Ensure the oil ring provides sufficient and reliable lubrication. 6) Do not block the oil filling holes. 7) Avoid forming stagnant oil zones. 8) Prevent sharp edges and corners that could cut the oil film. Plain bearings can also be lubricated with grease. When selecting grease, consider the following points: 1) When bearing load is high and speed is low, select grease with low penetration; conversely, select grease with high penetration. For high-speed bearings, select grease with lower penetration and good mechanical stability. Note that the viscosity of the base oil in the grease should be lower. 2) The dropping point of the selected grease should generally be 20-30℃ higher than the operating temperature. In cases of continuous high-temperature operation, ensure the temperature does not exceed the allowable usage range of the grease. 3) When plain bearings operate in water-sprayed or humid environments, select calcium-based, aluminum-based, or lithium-based greases with good water resistance. 4) Select grease with good adhesion.

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