German FSG bearings, FSG models, FSG prices

FSG bearings can simultaneously withstand radial and axial loads. They can operate at higher speeds. The greater the contact angle, the higher the axial load capacity. The contact angle is the angle between the line connecting the contact points of the ball and raceway in the radial plane and the perpendicular to the bearing axis. High-precision and high-speed bearings typically use a 15 degree contact angle. Under axial force, the contact angle increases.

FSG bearing features and structure

Common sliding bearing materials include bearing alloys (also known as Babbitt metal or white metal), wear-resistant cast iron, copper-based and aluminum-based alloys, powder metallurgy materials, plastics, rubber, hardwood, and carbon-graphite. Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon, PTFE), modified polyoxymethylene (POM), etc., are also used. Sliding bearings absorb and transmit forces between components in relative motion, maintaining the position and positioning accuracy of the two parts. Additionally, they convert directional motion into rotary motion (as in reciprocating piston engines). Sliding friction occurs during the operation of sliding bearings; the magnitude of sliding friction depends mainly on manufacturing precision, while the friction force of a sliding bearing depends primarily on the material of the bearing sliding surface. The working surfaces of sliding bearings generally have self-lubricating properties. Sliding bearings are classified by material into non-metallic sliding bearings and metallic sliding bearings. Non-metallic sliding bearings are mainly plastic bearings, which are typically made from high-performance engineering plastics. Specialized manufacturers generally possess self-lubricating modification technologies for engineering plastics, enhancing them with fibers, special lubricants, glass beads, etc., to achieve specific performance levels. These modified plastics are then injection-molded into self-lubricating plastic bearings. In the early twenty-first century, the most widely used metallic sliding bearings were three-layer composite bearings. These bearings typically use a carbon steel plate as the substrate. A layer of spherical copper powder is first sintered onto the steel plate using sintering technology, followed by sintering a layer of PTFE lubricant approximately 0.03mm thick on top of the copper powder layer. The intermediate spherical copper powder layer mainly serves to enhance the bonding strength between the steel plate and PTFE, while also providing certain load-bearing and lubricating functions during operation.

FSG bearing materials

1) Metallic materials, such as bearing alloys, bronze, aluminum-based alloys, zinc-based alloys, etc. Bearing alloys: Also known as white metal, bearing alloys are primarily alloys of tin, lead, antimony, or other metals. Due to their good wear resistance, high plasticity, good conformability, good thermal conductivity, good anti-seizure properties, and good oil adsorption, they are suitable for heavy-load and high-speed conditions. Bearing alloys have low strength and are relatively expensive. They must be cast onto bronze, steel strips, or cast iron bearing shells to form a thin coating. 2) Porous metallic materials (powder metallurgy materials): Porous metals are powder materials with a porous structure. If impregnated with lubricating oil so that the micropores are filled with oil, they become oil-impregnated bearings with self-lubricating properties. Porous metallic materials have low toughness and are only suitable for stable, non-shock loads and medium to low speeds. 3) Non-metallic bearing plastics: Common bearing plastics include phenolic plastics, nylon, and polytetrafluoroethylene. Plastic bearings have high compressive strength and wear resistance. They can be lubricated with oil and water and also have self-lubricating properties, but their thermal conductivity is poor.

FSG bearing maintenance

During operation, sliding bearings generate friction due to contact between the journal and bearing shell, leading to surface heating, wear, and even 'seizure.' Therefore, when designing bearings, sliding bearing materials with good anti-friction properties should be selected for the bearing shell, appropriate lubricants and supply methods should be used, and the bearing structure should be improved to achieve thick-film lubrication. Shell surface corrosion: Spectral analysis reveals abnormal concentrations of non-ferrous metal elements; sub-micron wear particles containing non-ferrous metal components appear in the spectrum; lubricating oil has excessive water content and acid value. Journal surface corrosion: Spectral analysis reveals abnormal iron element concentrations; many sub-micron iron-containing particles appear in the ferrogram; lubricating oil has excessive water content or acid value. Journal surface scoring: The ferrogram contains iron-based cutting wear particles or black oxide particles, and temper colors are present on the metal surface. Shell back fretting wear: Spectral analysis reveals abnormal iron concentrations; many sub-micron iron-containing wear particles appear in the ferrogram; lubricating oil water content and acid value are abnormal. Bearing surface scoring: Cutting wear particles are found in the ferrogram, with non-ferrous metal composition. Shell surface spalling: The ferrogram reveals many large-sized fatigue spalling alloy wear particles and layered wear particles. Bearing burnout: The ferrogram contains many large-sized alloy wear particles and black metal oxides. Bearing wear: Due to the metal characteristics of the shaft (high hardness, poor compliance), adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatigue wear, and fretting wear are likely to occur. Prevention of paint rust: Paint rust is characterized by a sealed motor that initially sounds normal, but after a period in storage, the motor develops abnormal noises, and severe rust is found upon bearing removal. Many manufacturers consider this a pre-bearing issue; the main problem is that insulating varnish releases volatile acids at certain temperatures and humidity, causing corrosion and protection issues, forming corrosive substances that cause corrosion damage to sliding bearings. Sliding bearing life is closely related to manufacturing, assembly, and use; every link must be optimized to ensure the best bearing operation and extend bearing service life. 1) During the production of coated machine bearings, rust prevention and oil seal packaging requirements were not strictly followed for rust prevention treatment of coated machine bearing parts during processing and finished coated machine bearings after assembly. For example, rings may have excessively long turnover times, or the outer diameter of the outer ring may come into contact with corrosive liquids or gases. 2) The quality of rust-preventive lubricating oils and cleaning kerosene used in production does not meet the requirements specified by process technology. 3) Due to the continuous price decline of coated machine bearing steel, the quality of coated machine bearing steel has gradually declined. For example, high content of non-metallic impurities in steel (increased sulfur content reduces the material's inherent rust resistance) and metallographic structure deviations. Currently, the sources of coated machine bearing steel used by manufacturers are varied, and steel quality is mixed. 4) Poor environmental conditions, high content of harmful substances in the air, small turnover areas making effective rust prevention difficult. Additionally, hot weather and workers violating rust prevention protocols are not uncommon. 5) Rust-preventive paper, nylon paper (bags), and plastic tubes used for packaging coated machine sliding bearings do not meet the requirements for rolling coated machine bearing oil seal rust prevention packaging, which is also a factor causing rust. 6) The turning and grinding allowances for coated machine sliding bearing rings are too small, and oxide scales and decarburized layers on the outer diameter are not completely removed, which is also a cause.

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