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BMF spindle is a new technology in the field of CNC machine tools that integrates the machine tool spindle with the spindle motor. Together with linear motor technology and high-speed tooling technology, it has ushered high-speed machining into a new era. The electric spindle includes the electric spindle itself and its accessories, such as the electric spindle, high-frequency variable frequency device, oil mist lubricator, cooling device, built-in encoder, and tool changing device. The rotor of the motor serves directly as the machine tool spindle, and the housing of the spindle unit acts as the motor frame, working with other components to achieve the integration of the motor and the machine tool spindle.

BMF spindle structure

The electric spindle consists of a coreless motor, spindle, bearings, spindle unit housing, drive module, and cooling device. The motor rotor is integrated with the spindle using a press-fit method, and the spindle is supported by front and rear bearings. The motor stator is installed in the spindle unit housing via a cooling jacket. Spindle speed variation is controlled by the spindle drive module, while temperature rise within the spindle unit is limited by the cooling device. Speed and angular displacement sensors are installed at the rear end of the spindle, while the internal taper hole and face at the front end are used for tool installation. With the rapid development and increasing sophistication of electrical drive technologies (such as variable frequency speed control and motor vector control), the mechanical structure of the main drive system in high-speed CNC machine tools has been greatly simplified, basically eliminating belt and gear drives. The machine tool spindle is driven directly by an built-in motor, reducing the length of the main drive chain to zero and achieving "zero transmission" for the machine tool. This transmission structure, where the spindle motor and machine tool spindle are "combined into one," allows the spindle component to be relatively independent from the machine tool's drive system and overall structure; it is also known as an "electric spindle" (ElectricSpindle, Motor Spindle). Since current electric spindles mainly use AC high-frequency motors, they are also called "high-frequency spindles" (High FrequencySpindle). Due to the absence of intermediate transmission links, it is sometimes referred to as a "direct drive spindle" (Direct Drive Spindle).

BMF spindle advantages

Electric spindles offer advantages such as compact structure, light weight, low inertia, low noise, and fast response. They also feature high speed and high power, simplify machine tool design, and facilitate spindle positioning, making them an ideal structure among high-speed spindle units. Electric spindle bearings utilize high-speed bearing technology, offering wear and heat resistance, with a service life several times that of traditional bearings.

BMF spindle maintenance

1) After daily work, operators must use a vacuum cleaner to remove waste chips from the rotor end of the electric spindle and the motor terminal blocks to prevent chip accumulation at the rotor end and terminal blocks. This prevents chips from entering the bearings, which would accelerate wear on high-speed bearings, and prevents chips from entering the terminal blocks, which could cause motor short circuits and burnout. 2) Every time tools are changed on the electric spindle, the operator must unscrew the collet chuck; direct insertion and removal of tools for tool changes is prohibited! Operators should develop the habit of thoroughly cleaning the collet and pressure cap after removing the tool. 3) After powering on each day, the operator must check the status of the electric spindle's cooling water flow. Check whether the water pump is operating normally, whether the cooling water is contaminated by scale or microorganisms, and whether the piping status is normal. Normal circulation of cooling water must be ensured! It is strictly prohibited to start the electric spindle without cooling water flowing through it. The electric spindle can only operate in good condition under proper cooling. If water pipes have dead bends causing poor flow or are blocked by dirt, the electric spindle will fail to operate normally, affecting machining results.

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