German PMA sensors, PMA models, PMA prices

PMA sensor: a sensor that measures the air flow drawn into the engine. In electronically controlled gasoline injection engines, to achieve the optimal air-fuel mixture concentration under various operating conditions, it is essential to accurately measure the amount of air drawn into the engine at every instant, using this as the primary basis for the ECU to calculate (control) the fuel injection quantity. If the air flow sensor or its wiring fails, the ECU will not receive the correct intake air signal, preventing normal control of the fuel injection quantity. This will result in a mixture that is too rich or too lean, causing abnormal engine operation.

PMA sensor classification

The basic principle of multi-sensor information fusion technology is similar to the human brain's process of comprehensively processing information. It performs multi-level, multi-spatial information complementarity and optimized combination processing on various sensors, ultimately producing a consistent interpretation of the observed environment. In this process, multi-source data must be fully utilized and reasonably managed. The ultimate goal of information fusion is to derive more useful information by combining information from multiple levels and aspects based on the separate observation data obtained from each sensor. This not only leverages the advantages of collaborative operation among multiple sensors but also comprehensively processes data from other information sources to enhance the intelligence of the entire sensor system. Pressure sensors are the most widely used type of sensor. Traditional pressure sensors primarily rely on mechanical structures, indicating pressure through the deformation of elastic elements. However, these structures are large in size and heavy in weight, and cannot provide electrical output. With the development of semiconductor technology, semiconductor pressure sensors have emerged. They are characterized by small size, light weight, high accuracy, and good temperature characteristics. Particularly with the development of MEMS technology, semiconductor sensors are evolving towards miniaturization, offering low power consumption and high reliability.

PMA sensor installation precautions

1) Correct installation method: Using appropriate instruments, verify the frequency response value of the pressure sensor under normal atmospheric pressure and standard temperature conditions. Verify the correctness of the pressure sensor's code against the corresponding frequency response signal. 2) Determine the specific installation location: To determine the numbering and specific installation location of pressure sensors, consider each inflation section of the inflation network. Pressure sensors must be installed along the cable, preferably at cable joints. Install no fewer than 4 pressure sensors per cable. The two pressure sensors closest to the telephone exchange should be no more than 200m apart. Install 1 at each end of every cable. Install 1 at each branch point of the cable; if two branch points are close together (less than 100 m), only 1 needs to be installed. Install 1 where the cable laying method (overhead, underground) changes. For cables without branches, since the cable type is consistent, the installation interval for pressure sensors should not exceed 500m, and the total number should be no less than 4. To facilitate identification of pressure sensor fault locations, in addition to installing a pressure sensor at the starting point, install 1 additional sensor(s) at a distance of 150~200m from the starting point. Of course, economic and technical factors must be considered in the design; pressure sensors should not be installed where they are unnecessary.

PMA sensor applications

Pressure sensors are mainly applied in: booster cylinders, boosters, gas-liquid booster cylinders, gas-liquid boosters, presses, compressors, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment, and other fields. 1) Application in hydraulic systems: In hydraulic systems, pressure sensors are primarily used to achieve closed-loop force control. When the control valve spool moves suddenly, a peak pressure several times the system working pressure can form within a very short time. In typical mobile machinery and industrial hydraulics, if such extreme operating conditions are not considered during design, any pressure sensor will be damaged quickly. Shock-resistant pressure sensors are required. There are mainly 2 methods to achieve shock resistance in pressure sensors: one is to replace the strain gauge chip, and the other is to use an external capillary tube. The first method is generally adopted in hydraulic systems, mainly due to ease of installation. Another reason is that the pressure sensor must withstand continuous pressure pulsations from the hydraulic pump. 2) Application in safety control systems: Pressure sensors are frequently used in safety control systems, primarily targeting the safety management systems of air compressors themselves. There are many sensor applications in the field of safety control. As a very common sensor, the application of pressure sensors in safety control systems is not surprising. Applications in safety control are generally considered from the perspectives of performance, price, and operational safety and convenience. Practical experience has shown that selecting pressure sensors yields very good results. Pressure sensors use mechanical processing technology to mount components and signal conditioners onto a small chip. Therefore, small size is one of their advantages. Additionally, low cost is another major advantage. To some extent, they can improve the accuracy of system testing. In safety control systems, installing pressure sensors in the pipeline equipment at the air outlet helps control the pressure generated by the compressor to some extent. This serves as a protective measure and is a highly effective control system. After the compressor starts normally, if the pressure value has not reached the upper limit, the controller will open the intake port and adjust to bring the equipment to maximum power. 3) Application in injection molds: Pressure sensors play an important role in injection molds. Pressure sensors can be installed in the nozzle of the injection molding machine, hot runner systems, cold runner systems, and within the mold cavity. They can measure the plastic pressure at certain points between the injection molding machine nozzle and the mold cavity during the processes of injection, filling, holding pressure, and cooling. 4) Application in mine pressure monitoring: Sensor technology is one of the key technologies for mine pressure monitoring. On one hand, we should correctly apply existing various sensors to serve the mining industry; on the other hand, sensor manufacturers must research and develop new types of pressure sensors to adapt to more mining industry applications. There are various types of pressure sensors. Due to the special environment of mine pressure monitoring, mine-used pressure sensors mainly include: vibrating wire pressure sensors, semiconductor piezoresistive pressure sensors, metal strain gauge pressure sensors, and differential transformer pressure sensors. These sensors are widely used in the mining industry. The specific choice of sensor depends on the particular mining environment. 5) Application in compressors and air conditioning/refrigeration equipment: Pressure sensors are commonly used in air compressors and air conditioning/refrigeration equipment. These sensor products feature a compact form factor, easy installation, and pressure ports that generally adopt a specialized valve needle design.

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