German Engel sensors Engel models Engel prices

Engel sensors are devices that convert magnetic signals into electrical signals. By utilizing the transformation relationship between magnetic quantities and other physical quantities, with the magnetic field as a medium, they can also convert signals of other non-electrical physical quantities into electrical signals. There are two driving methods: one is driven by a permanent magnet, and the other is driven by an electromagnetic coil. The former is mostly used for detection; for example, if a moving part is made of a magnet, it will attract and emit a signal once it approaches the magnetic induction sensor. The latter is mostly used for control; if the electromagnetic coil is energized, the contacts will attract. Using magnetic induction sensors to replace limit switches that rely on collision contact can improve system reliability and service life; therefore, they are often used in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) as signaling devices for position arrival.

Engel sensor detection principle

Detects magnetic losses caused by eddy currents generated on the surface of a conductor through the influence of an external magnetic field. This detection method involves generating an alternating magnetic field within the detection coil and detecting the impedance changes caused by eddy currents produced in the metallic object being detected. In addition, another method includes aluminum detection sensors that detect frequency phase components, and all-metal sensors that detect only impedance change components through the operating coil. On the surfaces of the detected object side and the sensor side, a transformer state occurs.

Engel sensor classification

1) Capacitive proximity sensors: These are capacitive proximity switches with electrodes as the detection terminal, consisting of a high-frequency oscillation circuit, detection circuit, amplification circuit, shaping circuit, and output circuit. Normally, there is a certain capacitance between the detection electrode and ground, which becomes part of the oscillation circuit. When the detected object approaches the detection electrode, the electrode, being voltage-biased, undergoes polarization due to electrostatic induction. The closer the object is to the detection electrode, the more induced charge accumulates on the electrode. Since the electrostatic capacitance of the detection electrode is C, the capacitance C of the detection electrode increases as the charge increases. Since the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit is inversely proportional to the capacitance, when the capacitance C increases, the oscillation weakens or even stops. These two states, oscillation and non-oscillation, are converted by the detection circuit into switch signals for output. 2) Inductive proximity sensors: Consist of a high-frequency oscillation circuit, detection circuit, amplification circuit, shaping circuit, and output circuit. The sensitive element for detection is the detection coil, which is part of the oscillation circuit. The oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit is . When alternating current flows through the detection coil, an alternating magnetic field is generated around it. When a metal object approaches the detection coil, eddy currents are generated in the metal object, absorbing magnetic field energy and causing the inductance L of the detection coil to change. This reduces the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit, eventually stopping oscillation. The two states, oscillation and non-oscillation, are converted by the monitoring circuit into switch signal outputs. Note: Similar to capacitive proximity sensors, the objects detected by inductive proximity sensors are also metallic conductors; non-metallic conductors cannot be measured using this method. Amplitude changes vary with the type of target metal, so the detection distance also varies with the type of target metal. 3) Photoelectric proximity sensors: The beam axis of the light-emitting diode (or semiconductor laser diode) and the axis of the phototransistor lie in the same plane and form a certain angle, with the two axes intersecting at a point in front of the sensor. When the surface of the detected object approaches the intersection point, the reflected light from the LED is received by the phototransistor, generating an electrical signal. When the object moves away from the intersection point, the reflection area is no longer within the field of view of the phototransistor, and the detection circuit has no output. Generally, the drive current supplied to the LED is not direct current but alternating current of a specific frequency. Thus, the receiving circuit also receives an alternating signal of the same frequency. Filtering the received signal to allow only signals of the same frequency to pass effectively prevents interference from other ambient light and can increase the luminous intensity of the LED.

Engel sensor applications

Proximity sensors are mainly used to detect object displacement and are widely applied in aviation, aerospace technology, and industrial production. In daily life, they are used in automatic doors and automatic heaters in hotels, restaurants, and garages. For security and anti-theft purposes, important locations such as archives, accounting departments, financial institutions, museums, and vaults are typically equipped with anti-theft devices composed of various proximity switches. In measurement technology, they are used for length and position measurement; in control technology, they are extensively used for the measurement and control of displacement, speed, and acceleration.

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