German ANDRITZ sensors ANDRITZ models ANDRITZ prices

ANDRITZ sensors are sensors that use laser technology for measurement. They consist of a laser, a laser detector, and a measurement circuit. Laser sensors are a new type of measuring instrument; their advantages include the ability to perform non-contact long-distance measurement, high speed, high precision, large measuring range, and strong resistance to optical and electrical interference.

ANDRITZ sensor classification

Lasers can be divided into 4 types based on the working medium. (1) Solid-state lasers: The working medium is solid. Common types include ruby lasers, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet lasers (i.e., YAG lasers), and neodymium glass lasers. Their structures are roughly similar, characterized by being small, robust, and high-power. Neodymium glass lasers are devices with the highest pulsed output power, reaching tens of megawatts. (2) Gas lasers: The working medium is gas. Various gas atomic, ion, metal vapor, and gas molecular lasers now exist. Common types include carbon dioxide lasers, helium-neon lasers, and carbon monoxide lasers. Shaped like ordinary discharge tubes, they feature stable output, good monochromaticity, and long service life, but have lower power and lower conversion efficiency. (3) Liquid lasers: These can be further divided into chelate lasers, inorganic liquid lasers, and organic dye lasers, with organic dye lasers being the most important. Their main characteristic is continuously tunable wavelength. (4) Semiconductor lasers: This is a relatively newer type of laser, with gallium arsenide lasers being the more mature variant. Characteristics include high efficiency, small size, light weight, and simple structure, making them suitable for carriage on aircraft, warships, tanks, and by infantry. They can be made into rangefinders and sights. However, they have lower output power, poorer directionality, and are significantly affected by ambient temperature.

ANDRITZ sensor principle

When a laser sensor operates, a laser diode first emits a laser pulse toward the target. After reflecting off the target, the laser scatters in various directions. Part of the scattered light returns to the sensor receiver, where it is received by the optical system and imaged onto an avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is an optical sensor with internal amplification capability, enabling it to detect extremely weak light signals and convert them into corresponding electrical signals. A common type is the laser distance sensor, which determines the target distance by recording and processing the time elapsed from the emission of the light pulse to its reception. Laser sensors must measure transmission time with extreme precision because the speed of light is very fast.

ANDRITZ sensor applications

Oversize vehicle width and height detection: Laser sensors are used for rapid measurement. An industrial PC and the network kernel of the visualization programming software VB enable real-time data transmission and processing with the sensors. User-friendly host control software has also been designed. Field test data show that the system offers good real-time performance and high measurement accuracy, providing certain practical value. Highway toll stations: Used at highway toll stations for vehicle counting and safety protection. Malaysia's Teras company has already deployed hundreds of BEA laser sensors in its manual and automatic toll collection systems. The laser sensors use the Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurement principle to form 4 planes within the detection area for vehicle detection. The product also features anti-rear-end collision and vehicle safety protection functions. Compared with traditional light curtains, laser sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, high precision, easy installation, cost-effectiveness, and strong stability. Google's second-generation driverless car: Equipped with laser sensors, the prototype of Google's second-generation autonomous vehicle still has a quite prominent laser sensor on the roof, while other sensors are installed very discreetly. Distinctive Google driverless car logos are affixed to the front, rear, and both sides of the vehicle. The control and driving principle of the Google driverless car relies on numerous sensors installed around the vehicle to continuously collect precise data about the vehicle itself and its surroundings. The onboard processor analyzes and computes this data, then controls the vehicle's movement based on the results. The driverless car uses GPS devices and sensors to accurately determine the vehicle's position and forward speed, and to identify surrounding pedestrians, vehicles, bicycles, traffic lights, and many other objects. A 360° rotating laser holographic sensor is mounted on the roof of this Lexus vehicle, capable of almost simultaneously sensing conditions in front of, to the sides of, and behind the car. Data collected by the sensor is transmitted via green data cables to the processor located at the right rear of the vehicle. This laser sensor also enables global precise positioning for the driverless car. The original L type Lexus emblem on the front of the car has been removed and replaced with a radar sensor, which measures the distance ahead and vehicle speed to assess forward traffic conditions and control safe acceleration and deceleration. Position sensors are also installed on the wheel hubs to detect wheel rotation and assist with vehicle positioning. The heart of the Google driverless car—the processor—is located at the right rear of the vehicle. Data from all sensors is transmitted here via data cables for software-based analysis and processing, enabling precise sensing and judgment of different objects near the driverless car. In addition to analyzing and judging the current positions of objects around the driverless car, the software calculates and accurately predicts the potential next position of each object. Finally, the driverless car makes safe driving decisions based on all collected data, including controlling vehicle speed and maintaining distance from surrounding vehicles.

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