German HPS valve HPS model HPS price

HPS valves can automatically open and close based on the system's working pressure. They are generally installed on equipment or pipelines in closed systems to protect system safety. When the pressure inside the equipment or pipeline exceeds the set pressure of the relief valve, it automatically opens to relieve pressure, ensuring that the medium pressure in the equipment and pipeline remains below the set pressure, thereby protecting the equipment and pipeline and preventing accidents.

HPS valve working principle

It is a type of hydraulic control valve. The main valve is divided into upper and lower parts by a diaphragm. The lower chamber of the diaphragm is the water flow channel, and the upper chamber is the control room, which controls the opening and closing of the main valve disc. The pilot valve itself is a relief valve; it also has a control room and a water flow channel, and the opening and closing of the valve disc are controlled by the control room. The needle valve, i.e., the throttle valve, controls the water flow in the connecting pipe. During the operation of the fire water supply system, the main pipeline water flows from left to right. One path of control water enters the pilot valve control room. When the water pressure is less than the set relief value, the thrust of the pilot valve spring is greater than the water pressure, and the pilot valve disc is in the closed state. Another path of control water enters the upper chamber of the main valve through the throttling needle valve, generating a static pressure. The pressure in the upper chamber is equal to the pressure in the flow channel. Since the upper plane area of the main valve disc is larger than the lower plane area, the pressure from the upper chamber on the valve disc is greater than the thrust from the water in the main flow channel on the valve disc, keeping the main valve in the closed state. If the main pipeline water pressure rises and exceeds the set relief value, the water pressure entering the pilot control room via the control pipe increases. The water pressure becomes greater than the spring thrust, opening the pilot valve, and the upper chamber of the main valve begins to relieve pressure. Due to the restriction of the throttle valve, insufficient replenishment causes the pressure in the upper chamber of the main valve to decrease. The flow thrust from below the main valve disc becomes greater than the pressure in the upper chamber, causing the valve disc to rise and the main valve to open rapidly for pressure relief. Since this process occurs instantaneously, no harm is caused to the indoor fire water supply system during overpressure events. If the main pipeline water pressure continues to increase, the opening of the pilot valve also increases, creating a greater pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers of the main valve. The main valve opening increases, allowing faster system pressure relief. Conversely, if the main pipeline water pressure decreases (e.g., when the number of indoor fire hydrants in use increases or more sprinkler heads are opened), the pressure in the pilot valve control room decreases, and the pilot valve opening reduces. The pressure in the upper chamber of the main valve increases, causing the main valve disc to move downward and close partially, stabilizing the main pipeline water pressure at the system design level.

HPS valve classification

Relief valves mainly have two structural types: spring-loaded and lever-loaded. Spring-loaded means that the sealing between the valve disc and the valve seat relies on the force of the spring. Lever-loaded relies on the force of the lever and the weight. To meet high-capacity needs, there is also a pulse-type relief valve, also known as a pilot-operated relief valve, consisting of a main relief valve and an auxiliary valve. When the medium pressure in the pipeline exceeds the specified pressure value, the auxiliary valve opens first. The medium enters the main relief valve through the guide pipe and opens the main relief valve, reducing the increased medium pressure.

HPS valve operating method

Adjustment of relief valve opening pressure. 1) Before leaving the factory, each relief valve should be adjusted individually to the set value required by the user. If the user specifies a spring working pressure class, it is generally adjusted to the lower limit of the pressure class before shipment. 2) Before installing the relief valve on the protected equipment, or prior to installation, the user must readjust it on-site to ensure that the set pressure value of the relief valve meets requirements. 3) Within the spring working pressure class range indicated on the nameplate, the opening pressure can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment screw to change the spring compression. 4) Before rotating the adjustment screw, the inlet pressure of the valve should be reduced to below 90% of the opening pressure to prevent the valve disc from being driven to rotate during adjustment, which could damage the sealing surface. 5) To ensure accurate opening pressure values, the medium conditions during adjustment, such as medium type and temperature, should be as close as possible to actual operating conditions. Changes in medium type, especially when the aggregate state changes (e.g., from liquid phase to gas phase), often cause variations in opening pressure. As operating temperature increases, the opening pressure generally decreases. Therefore, when adjusting at room temperature for high-temperature applications, the set pressure value at room temperature should be slightly higher than the required opening pressure value. The extent of this difference depends on the valve structure and material selection and should be based on the manufacturer's instructions. 6) Standard relief valves are used in applications with fixed additional back pressure. When adjusting the opening pressure after testing (where back pressure is atmospheric pressure), the set value should be the required opening pressure value minus the additional back pressure value.

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