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C tec Cable electrical components are diodes manufactured for voltage regulation by utilizing the reverse breakdown state of the PN junction, a phenomenon where current can vary over a wide range while voltage remains essentially constant. This diode is a semiconductor device with very high resistance up to the critical reverse breakdown voltage. At this critical breakdown point, the reverse resistance drops to a very low value; in this low-resistance region, current increases while voltage remains constant. Zener diodes are graded according to their breakdown voltage. Due to this characteristic, Zener diodes are primarily used as voltage regulators or voltage reference elements.