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systeme helmholz electrical components are resistive devices with nonlinear voltage-current characteristics, primarily used for voltage clamping when circuits experience overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive components. The resistive body material of varistors is semiconductor, making them a type of semiconductor resistor. The widely used "zinc oxide" varistors consist of divalent zinc and hexavalent oxygen. Therefore, from a materials perspective, zinc oxide varistors are "II-VI group oxide semiconductors".